Mudakaratha Modakam - Birthday Greetings to the Universal Elephant God!

For some he is "Vinayak", for others he is "Ganapathy", for few he is "Ganesh", in our neck of the woods he is revered as "பிள்ளையார்" / "Pillayar" and for young children he is the defacto default "Ummachi"

They call him through 108 different names and he manifests himself in 32 different forms. He is the universal God of every Hindu household and holds a special place in everyone's heart. His presence is simply impossible to miss with his elephant head & pot belly standing out unanimously. He is always there at your beck & call physically within your framework and if not be rest assured that mentally he'll be deeply entrenched right at the core of your soul.

He is the eternal beginner for invoking any task and also the perennial finisher for completing any activity. He is also the permanent remover of obstacles along with being the provider of intelligence and granter of good luck. Beyond everything he is the supreme immortal Moksha benefactor.

In the Panchang, he is affiliated with 'Chaturthi' Tithi with his special birthday being celebrated on the 4th waxing phase of Bhadrapada Lunar month. He has a specialty with 'Buddha' Vara (Wednesday) being the harbinger of intelligence which is a predominant Mercurian trait. He has a form associated with every star but is said to be specially associated with 'Uttara Ashada (Uthiradam)' Nakshatra as it's believed to be the star of universality and linked with the symbol of elephant tusk. He is also connected with 'Garaja' Karana signifying the animal of elephant & memory power and he also governs 'Siddhi' Yoga being the divine bestower of success.

As a miniscule tribute on his special day, attempted the first stanza of Ganesh Pancharatnam hymn viz "Mudakaratha Modakkam" composed by Adi Shankaracharya set to tune in the divinely blissful Hamsadhwani Raga. This stanza describes the Lord gleefully & joyously holding the Modak (Kozhukkatai sweet) in his hand and blessing his devotees. May he cast his auspicious glance and gregarious nature on every single being on planet Earth. Happy B'day to the universal Elephant God.

Information and Results pertaining to different Tithis of Panchanga

Tithi - A Limb of Panchanga
A Tithi happens to be one of the core elements of the five limbed Panchanga. A Tithi occurs based on the angular distance that is created between the Sun & Moon as they revolve around the zodiac belt of 360°. Every 12 degrees of movement by the Moon away from the Sun gives rise to a Tithi and hence there are 30 Tithis (360°/12) in total with 15 being part of the brighter half or what is known as Shukla Paksha and the latter 15 being part of the darker half or Krishna Paksha. For counting purposes we normally consider it like there are 15 Tithis in total much like there are 7 Varas, 27 Nakshatras, 27 Yogas and 11 Karanas.

Tithi and Prosperity
It is said that Knowledge of Tithi brings prosperity. There is also the popular saying stating 'Tithiyai Pidicha Vidhiyai Vellalam' which translates as one who catches hold of their Tithi can even conquer their destiny. Hence Tithi has a very important hold with regard to a Horoscope and is much more than just being used for Muhurtha purposes or celebrating the auspicious events of deities such as Krishna Ashtami or Rama Navami etc.

Tithi and Destiny
It is also believed that Tithi is inherently connected to one's past life and the Tithi one is born with is correlated with the paava punyam or merits / sins from previous birth and accordingly the Tithi is the one that determines the destiny for an individual in this lifetime. Each of the Tithis barring the 15th Tithi of Pournima/Ammavasya are impacted by 2 or more Rasis being cursed leaning to the concept of Tithi Shoonya or Daghda Rasi which indicates certain dark spots in a particular area for an individual horoscope. However there is a saying that only one out of two rasis gets the tag of shoonya rasi (except Chaturdashi Tithi where 2 out of 4 get impacted) based on whether birth takes place in brighter half or darker half. The general understanding is that the first rasi becomes shoonya as per Kala Purusha order for a Shukla Paksha birth and the second rasi becomes shoonya as per Kala Purusha order for a Krishna Paksha birth. This holds good in most cases except for Tithis 3,4 and 7. Apart from Tithi Shoonya Rasis, there are also cases of Lagnas (Ascendant), Nakshatras (Asterism) and Masa (Lunar month) which become Shoonya when arising with certain Tithis which are dispensed below. These concepts are largely used for purpose of fixing Muhurthas.

Tithi Deities
Each of the Tithis also happen to be ruled by a particular deity apart from a Devi assigned to each of them yearning towards prosperity. It is believed that offering prayers to the Nitya Devi linked to the Tithi in which one attains birth helps in granting wealth and prosperity. There is also a type of Ganapathi or Lord Ganesh associated with each of the Tithis and worship of the said type of Ganapathi helps in removing obstacles.

Tithi and the Venus Connection
Tithi mainly connotes the Tamil words 'Selvam' and 'Magizhchi' which is all about happiness, pleasures, delights, earning wealth and desiring prosperity. Since all these undertakings generally come within the ambit of Venusian qualities, a Tithi broadly is said to be under the control of the planet Venus and ruled by the water element.

Tithi - Benefic and Malefic
In general parlance as per Sage Parashara, Moon is classified as Natural Benefic or Natural Malefic based on whether it is under waxing phase (Shukla Paksha) or waning phase (Krishna Paksha) respectively. There are some authorities however stating that Moon is beneficial after it crosses a specific Tithi in the second half of the brighter phase and continues to be favorable till around the mid of the darker phase where it again becomes malefic as it reaches towards Ammavasya and even beyond that into the first half of the brighter phase as Moon is still in rather close conjunction with the Sun. However when it comes to auspiciousness of Tithi, it is categorized into Auspicious, Mixed and Inauspicious based on its proximity with the Sun.

Tithi Groupings
Tithis are also categorised into 5 kind of groupings viz Nanda, Bhadra, Jaya, Rikta and Poorna as per the text 'Kalaprakasika'. The groupings resonate with a particular planet based on the meaning of the terms. This however should not be construed as if the Tithi is lorded by the particular planet but more in line with a group of Tithis relating to the characteristic of a particular planet.

Nanda - 1st, 6th and 11th Tithi. Ruler Venus. Denotes joyousness and happiness
Bhadra - 2nd, 7th and 12th Tithi. Ruler Mercury. Denotes fortune and health
Jaya - 3rd, 8th and 13th Tithi. Ruler Mars. Denotes victory and triumph
Rikta - 4th, 9th and 14th Tithi. Ruler Saturn. Denotes loss and emptiness
Poorna - 5th, 10th and 15th. Ruler Jupiter. Denotes fulfillment and completeness

The Rikta Tithis in general are said to be inauspicious for any important work to be carried out and is best said to be avoided whereas the Poorna Tithis are apt for performing any religious ceremonies. Nanda Tithis invoke sense of pleasure, Bhadra is said to be friendly and Jaya competitive. Hence Tithis for an activity can be used accordingly based on the grouping. It is also said that if a Tithi and it's grouping ruler lord happens to coincide on the particular weekday or Vara, it is said to be auspicious for instance Nanda Tithi & Friday, Bhadra Tithi & Wednesday, Jaya Tithi & Tuesday, Rikta Tithi & Saturday and Poorna Tithi & Thursday.

Tithi Specifics
Kalaprakasika also categorises Tithis based on its orientation with Sunrise as seen below:

Tithi Kshaya - If a Tithi originates after the occurence of Sunrise and finishes before the start of the sunrise in the next day, it is known as Tithi Kshaya. This means that on two consecutive days of sunrise, the Tithi isn't present and denotes a decrease. Such a Tithi is said to be inauspicious and is better if one avoids performing any tasks during such a period of time.

Tithi Adhi or Tithi Vridhi - If a Tithi originates before the occurence of Sunrise and finishes only after the start of the sunrise in the next day, it is known as Tithi Vridhi. Here the Tithi is present on two consecutive days of sunrise and said to connote an increase. This is also not suitable and it is said to avoid any favorable tasks during this period of time.

Tithi Gandanta - The one last Gatika of a Poorna Tithi and the first one Gatika of a Nanda Tithi is said to denote Tithi Gandanta. It is generally better to avoid any activity during this period.

Tithi Lordship
There aren't many texts that talk about the Lordship of each of the Tithis. There is a view of following Tithi Lordship based on the weekday order such as assigning the first Tithi to Sun, second Tithi to Moon and so on till the 7th Tithi to Saturn and then 8th to Rahu and then back again with Sun ruling the 9th Tithi and then the 15th Tithi of bright half provided to Saturn and 15th of darker half given to Rahu. This methodology however does not have any sage backing.

The only Ancient text which makes a reference to Lordship of Tithis happens to be the Kerala treatise on Horary Astrology titled 'Krishneeyam' by Shree Krishna Acharya. This book has clearly delineated the rulership planet for each of the Tithis which are dispensed below. There is no exact methodology of how exactly the Tithi Lord needs to be used in a horoscope but since Tithi in essence is all about significations such as Pleasures, Desires, Relationships, Passion, Happiness, Wealth etc it makes sense to see where the Tithi Lord is placed and the house(s) it owns to approximately come to a judgement on the interest towards these matters. It will also be preferable if the Tithi Lord itself doesn't end up getting placed in a Tithi Shoonya Rasi.

Tithi Information
Listed below are information of Tithis collated from various sources for all the 15 Tithis both in the waxing and waning half

1) Pratipada / Pratamai

- Tithi Group - Nanda
- Tithi Lord - Mars
- Tithi Deity - Agni
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Kameshwari
- Tithi Ganapathi - Bala Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Durgai - Pateeswaran (Shukla Paksha) / Kuberan - Thirukattupalli (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Neyi - Ghee
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Vriddhi - Increasing
- Tithi Favorable Day - Friday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Libra ruled by Venus (Shukla Paksha) / Capricorn ruled by Saturn (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Libra, Capricorn
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Uthiradam / Uttara Ashada
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Bhadrapada
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ugadi is celebrated on this Tithi occuring in Shukla Paksha of the Lunar month of Chaitra. This day marks the beginning of the Hindu New Year as per the Shalivahana Shaka calendar. 
- Tithi General Results -
  : Generally any deed performed on this Tithi has the potential to multiply. Hence caution must be exercised and only those activities that involve growth in favorable manner needs to be performed.
  : These natives have good clarity and they think deeply while performing any task.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 7th and 10th houses get affected by Shoonya. Usually if they have good family terms, work tends to get affected and vice versa. Ideally they should never involve their spouse in their work activities.  

2) Dwitiya

- Tithi Group - Bhadra 
- Tithi Lord - Venus
- Tithi Deity - Brahma
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Bhagamalini
- Tithi Ganapathi - Taruna Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Vishwadeva - Thiruvaikavur (Shukla Paksha) / Vayu - Kalahasti (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Chakrai - Sugar
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Mangala - Auspicious, Nanmai - Beneficial
- Tithi Favorable Day - Wednesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Sagittarius ruled by Jupiter (Shukla Paksha) / Pisces ruled by Jupiter (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Anusham / Anuradha
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Shravana, Bhadrapada
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Phulera Dooj is conducted on Shukla Paksha Dwitiya in the lunar month of Phalguna which is quite popular in the Northern India region. It is associated with flowers with Holi being played with flowers as an instrument.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives are very virtuous by nature. They are usually family oriented and like to involve their members in various tasks. They also like to accumulate things out of their own efforts.
  : These people are very straight forward and believe in sticking to their words not liking to lie.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 9th and 12th houses get affected by Shoonya. Usually relationship with their dads are not great and it is better if they are not very close to their father or gurus as losses can be accumulated out of them. 

3) Tritiya

- Tithi Group - Jaya
- Tithi Lord - Mercury
- Tithi Deity - Gowri
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Nithyaklinna
- Tithi Ganapathi - Bhakti Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Chandran - Thingalur (Shukla Paksha) / Agni - Tiruvannamalai (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Pal - Milk
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Bala - Strong, Shakthi - Strength
- Tithi Favorable Day - Tuesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Capricorn ruled by Saturn (Shukla Paksha) / Leo ruled by Sun (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Capricorn, Leo
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Uthiram / Uttara Phalguni, Uthiradam / Uttara Ashada, Uttaratathi / Uttara Bhadrapada
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Shravana, Phalguna (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Akshaya Tritiya is held on Shukla Paksha Tritiya in the lunar month of Vaishakha. It is related with good luck and fortune and people are known to stock up gold and jewellery during this time.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These Tithi is said to be victorious and full of strength. Hence it is ideal for competition or when going headed for any battle
  : Any activity they take up, they ensure to put their full efforts and believe in completing it in the rightful manner. They are also usually god fearing and like visiting religious shrines.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 5th and 10th houses get affected by Shoonya. Any support by Fathers towards their children tend to not work in their favour.

4) Chaturthi

- Tithi Group - Riktha
- Tithi Lord - Moon
- Tithi Deity - Ganesh
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Bherunda
- Tithi Ganapathi - Veera Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Vinayaka - Pillayar Petti (Shukla Paksha) / Sukran - Kanchanur (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Pazham - Fruit
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Khala - Cruel, Thadaigal - Obstacle
- Tithi Favorable Day - Saturday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Aquarius ruled by Saturn (Shukla Paksha) / Taurus ruled by Venus (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Pushya, Phalguna (only for Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Sankashti Chaturthi also known as Sankatahara Chaturthi falls on the fourth day of Krishna Paksha in every Lunar month. This Tithi is dedicated to Lord Ganesha where devotees observe fast. If this Sankashti Chaturthi specifically happens to fall on a Tuesday, then it is known as Angaraki Sankashti Chaturthi which is considered to be specially auspicious. There is a belief that prayers offered and performing fast on this day will enable wishes to be fulfilled. Also Ganesh Chaturthi or Vinayak Chaturthi is celebrated on the Chaturthi Tithi occuring in the waxing phase during the lunar month of Bhadrapada.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi like to travel a lot and keep frequenting on journeys.
  : They like to be adored and enjoy keeping friendship with many people. They also have the tendency of doing multiple jobs at the same time.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 2nd and 11th houses get affected by Shoonya. They are generally not well respected and should ensure to safeguard themselves.

5) Panchami 

- Tithi Group - Poorna
- Tithi Lord - Sun
- Tithi Deity - Naga
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Vahinivasini
- Tithi Ganapathi - Shakthi Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Devendran - Penaadam (Shukla Paksha) / Guru - Alangudi (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Bakshanam - Snack
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Lakshmi - Prosperous, Selvam - Riches
- Tithi Favorable Day - Thursday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Gemini ruled by Mercury (Shukla Paksha) / Virgo ruled by Mercury (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Gemini, Virgo
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Magam / Magha
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Karthik (only for Krishna Paksha), Pushya, Magha (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Naga Panchami takes place on Shukla Paksha Panchami in the lunar month of Shravan. It is mainly to do with worshipping and venerating snakes. Vasanta Panchami happens on Shukla Paksha Panchami in the lunar month of Magha which is associated with celebrating Goddess Saraswathi. Vivaha Panchami is on Shukla Paksha Panchami in the lunar month of Margashira which is a festival celebrating the union of Rama and Sita.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi like doing things correctly and appropriately.
  : They like getting involved in the kitchen and take a keen interest towards cooking. They are particular with matters involving relationship, lust and tend to overthink and feel on matters deeply. 
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 3rd and 6th houses get affected by Shoonya. They need to be careful when it comes with things relating to mother.

6) Shasti

- Tithi Group - Nanda
- Tithi Lord - Jupiter
- Tithi Deity - Karthikeya
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Vajreshwari
- Tithi Ganapathi - Dhwija Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Subramaniam - Tiruchendur (Shukla Paksha) / Chevvai - Vaitheeswaran (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Then - Honey
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Yaja - Glorious, Pugazh Serum - Popularity
- Tithi Favorable Day - Friday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Aries ruled by Mars (Shukla Paksha) / Leo ruled by Sun (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Rohini
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashada (only for Shukla Paksha), Magha (only for Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Shasti Viratham falls on the sixth day of Shukla Paksha in every lunar month. Sashti Viratham is dedicated to Lord Skanda, the younger son of Lord Shiva. Devotees perform fast and chant Sashti Viratham kavacham on this day. This Shasti Viratham is celebrated as a special six day event during the solar month of Aippasi (Mid Oct to Mid Nov). It starts on the Shukla Paksha Pratama Tithi and the festival concludes with the fulfillment of Shukla Paksha Shasti Tithi.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are of a slim constituency. They are short tempered and tend to get angry very quickly.
  : They like attaining status and reputation in the society
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 1st and 5th houses get affected by Shoonya. Children related issues will be persisting and it is advised never to match a Shasti born male and female as bearing children can become complicated.

7) Sapthami

- Tithi Group - Bhadra
- Tithi Lord - Saturn
- Tithi Deity - Suriya
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Shivadutee
- Tithi Ganapathi - Siddhi Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Suriyan - Suriyanar (Shukla Paksha) / Munivar - Thirukatupalli (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Vellam - Jaggery
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Mitra - Friendly, Natpu Valarum - Growth of Friendship
- Tithi Favorable Day - Wednesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Sagittarius ruled by Jupiter (Shukla Paksha) / Cancer ruled by Moon (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Sagittarius, Cancer
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Hastham / Hastha, Moolam / Moola
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashada (only for Krishna Paksha), Margashira
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ratha Sapthami takes place on Shukla Paksha Sapthami in the lunar month of Magha. This marks the birth of the Sun God or Lord Surya and is hence also known as Surya Jayanthi. This Ratha Sapthami also denoted change of season to spring and start of the harvesting season which is considered auspicious for farmers. 
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are very compassionate and show kindness.
  : They go about any task with courage and bravery. They are really competitive and are said to complete things even beyond their capability. Like to attain perfection in whatever they do.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 4th and 9th houses get affected by Shoonya. The natives usually get separated from their parents for some or other reason.

8) Ashtami

- Tithi Group - Jaya
- Tithi Lord - Rahu
- Tithi Deity - Shiva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Twarita
- Tithi Ganapathi - Ucchistha Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Lakshmi Devi - Thevur (Shukla Paksha) / Adi Seshan - Srirangam (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Elaneer - Coconut
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Dwandwa - Conflict, Kulappam - Confusion
- Tithi Favorable Day - Tuesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Gemini ruled by Mercury (Shukla Paksha) / Virgo ruled by Mercury (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Pooratathi / Poorva Bhadrapada
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Chaitra, Margashira
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ashtami is largely known for Krishna Janmashtami and Radhashtami. Krishna Janmashtami takes place on Krishna Paksha Ashtami in the lunar month of Bhadrapada and Radhashtami is on Shukla Paksha Ashtami in the lunar month of Bhadrapada. They are also known as Krishna Jayanthi and Radha Jayanthi respectively. Also Bhairava Ashtami dedicated to Kal Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Shiva is held on Krishna Paksha Ashtami in the lunar month of Margashira.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are well disposed and have the blessings of God in attaining prosperity.
  : They are quite lust oriented.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 3rd and 6th houses get affected by Shoonya. They are usually knowledgeable of a different kind and tend to have knowledge of most subjects.

9) Navami

- Tithi Group - Rikta
- Tithi Lord - Mars
- Tithi Deity - Durga
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Kulasundari
- Tithi Ganapathi - Vighna Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Saraswathi - Koothanur (Shukla Paksha) / Yaman - Srivanchiyam (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Pori - Puffed bread
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Ugra - Fierce, Kurooram - Anger
- Tithi Favorable Day - Saturday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Leo ruled by Sun (Shukla Paksha) / Scorpio ruled by Mars (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Cancer, Leo
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Krithika
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Chaitra
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Navami is largely known for Rama Navami which is a festival celebrating the birth of Lord Ram. Rama Navami takes place on Shukla Paksha Navami in the lunar month of Chaitra. On similar lines takes place Sita Navami which is to celebrate Goddess Sita which happens on Shukla Paksha Navami in the following lunar month of Vaisakha.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are very correct in their endeavours
  : They however tend to believe and get attracted to other people more than their own kith and kin.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 5th and 8th houses get affected by Shoonya. They find it difficult to do their tasks and have issues in performing their Karma.

10) Dashami

- Tithi Group - Poorna
- Tithi Lord - Venus
- Tithi Deity - Yamaraja
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Nityadevi
- Tithi Ganapathi - Kshipra Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Veerabhadra - Kumbakonam (Shukla Paksha) / Guru - Thenkudi Thittai (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Rasam Annam - Spicy South Indian soup
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Saumya - Gentle, Menmai - Honorable
- Tithi Favorable Day - Thursday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Leo ruled by Sun (Shukla Paksha) / Scorpio ruled by Mars (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashwija
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Dashami is mainly known for Vijayadashami which occurs as part of Navaratri celebrations. Vijayadashami takes place on Shukla Paksha Dashami in the lunar month of Ashwin. This festival connotes the victory of good over evil. It is alternatively known as Dussehra.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are virtuous and very focused on doing their duty in the rightful manner
  : They are very considerate by nature and maintain good relations with people
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 5th and 8th houses get affected by Shoonya. They find it difficult to do their tasks and have issues in performing their Karma.

11) Ekadashi

- Tithi Group - Nanda
- Tithi Lord - Mercury
- Tithi Deity - Viswadeva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Nilapadhaka
- Tithi Ganapathi - Heramba Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Parvathi Devi - Madurai Meenakshi (Shukla Paksha) / Shani - Tirunallar (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Sathu Maavu - Flour
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Anandha - Blissful, Inbam - Pleasing
- Tithi Favorable Day - Friday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Sagittarius ruled by Jupiter (Shukla Paksha) / Pisces ruled by Jupiter (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Sagittarius, Pisces
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Rohini
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashwija
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ekadashi Vrat occurring during the Ekadashi Tithi in both Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha is dedicated to Lord Vishnu where devotees usually offer a day long fast during this period. Vaikunta Ekadashi is considered to be a special Ekadashi and occurs during the Ekadashi Tithi occurring in Shukla Paksha during the solar month of Dhanu (Mid Dec to Mid Jan). A day long fast is observed to attain Moksha and seek refuge in Lord Vishnu's holy abode of Vaikunta. Likewise Shayani Ekadashi occurs during Shukla Paksha in the Lunar Month of Ashada and Prabodhini Ekadashi occurs during Shukla Paksha in the Lunar Month of Karthik. It is believed that Lord Vishnu goes to sleep on the day of Shayani Ekadashi and wakes up during Prabodhini Ekadashi.
- Tithi General Results -
  : They are justice oriented and believe in being straight forward and fair.
  : Integrity is very important for them and believe in giving and taking respect.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 9th and 12th houses get affected by Shoonya. They will somehow finish any kind of work that is assigned to them but these natives are usually beneficial for others than their own. They need to be careful when it comes to matters of fathers and mentors.

12) Dwadashi

- Tithi Group - Bhadra
- Tithi Lord - Moon
- Tithi Deity - Vishnu
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Vijaya
- Tithi Ganapathi - Lakshmi Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Vishnu - Sarangapani (Shukla Paksha) / Sukran - Thiruvelliyingudi (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Payasam - Kheer
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Yaja - Glorious, Pugazh Nalla Gunam - Recognition and Good Behavior
- Tithi Favorable Day - Wednesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Libra ruled by Venus (Shukla Paksha) / Capricorn ruled by Saturn (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Aayilyam / Ashlesha
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Vaishaka
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Parasuram Dwadashi dedicated to Lord Parasuram who is known as the sixth incarnation of Lord Vishnu takes place on Shukla Paksha Dwadashi in the lunar month of Vaisakha. Narasimha Dwadashi is celebrated on Shukla Paksha Dwadashi in the lunar month of Phalguna. Lord Narasimha happens to be the man lion manifestation of Lord Vishnu
- Tithi General Results -
  : They like to maintain good conduct with everyone.
  : Any new activity that they perform, they tend to do it flawlessly.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 7th and 10th houses get affected by Shoonya. Marriage and work related issues normally tend to get affected.

13) Triyodashi

- Tithi Group - Jaya
- Tithi Lord - Sun
- Tithi Deity - Kamadeva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Sarvamangala
- Tithi Ganapathi - Maha Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Brahma - Thirukandiyur (Shukla Paksha) / Nandhi - Tirumalaipadi (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Aval - Flattened Rice
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Jaya - Victorious, Vetri - Win
- Tithi Favorable Day - Tuesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi -  Taurus ruled by Venus (Shukla Paksha) / Leo ruled by Sun (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Taurus, Pisces
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Chithirai / Chitra, Swathi
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Jyeshta (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Pradosh Vrat is very prominent among Hindus for seeking Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvathi's blessings. Devotees offer fast and perform rituals during this day. Pradosh Vrat or Pradosham takes place every Trayodashi both on Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha of every lunar month.When Pradosh Vrat coincides on a Wednesday, it is known as Budh Pradosh Vrat and is deemed to be really auspicious. Also Dhanteras which is supposed to be the first day of Diwali celebrations occurs on Krishna Triyodashi in the lunar month of Ashwin.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives end up doing certain tasks without realizing the consequences.
  : They usually do not have lot of friends and not so close to family members.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 2nd and 5th houses get affected by Shoonya. Family and Kula Deivam (God Lineage) related issues normally tend to get affected.

14) Chaturdashi

- Tithi Group - Rikta
- Tithi Lord - Jupiter
- Tithi Deity - Shiva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Jwalamalini
- Tithi Ganapathi - Vijaya Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Rudran - Sarabeshwarar Thirubuvanam (Shukla Paksha) / Maheshwaran - Gangaikondasola Puram (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Kadala - Chickpeas
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Ugra - Fierce, Kurooram - Anger
- Tithi Favorable Day - Saturday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Gemini & Virgo ruled by Mercury (Shukla Paksha) / Sagittarius & Pisces ruled by Jupiter (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Jyeshta (only for Krishna Paksha), Karthik (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - The day before the actual Diwali is Naraka Chaturdashi which occurs on Krishna Paksha Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Ashwin. Also Maha Shivaratri or Maha Bahula Chatirdashi known as the great night of Lord Shiva takes place on Krishna Paksha Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Magha. Like how Maha Shivaratri is dedicated to Lord Shiva, there is also an Anant Chaturdashi paying homage to Lord Vishnu that occurs on Shukla Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Bhadrapada. This also marks the last day of the ten day Ganesh Chaturthi festival.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives are usually short tempered and like accumulating possessions. They get angry if they are not able to attain what they want.
  : They are often the butt of all jokes and end up being mocked.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th houses get affected by Shoonya. They need to be extra careful in a number of objects as 4 main pillars of a horoscope gets strained.

15) Poornima / Ammavasya

- Tithi Group - Poorna
- Tithi Lord - Saturn (Poornima) / Rahu (Ammavasya)
- Tithi Deity - Chandra (Poornima) / Pitris (Ammavasya)
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Chitra
- Tithi Ganapathi - Nirutha Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Varunan - Mahendrampalli (Shukla Paksha) / Sadasivam - Rameshwaram (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Thayir Sadham - Curd Rice
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Saumya - Gentle (Poornima), Pitru - Ancestral (Ammavasya)
- Tithi Favorable Day - Thursday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - None
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - None
- Tithi Events / Festivals - A number of events takes place during Poornima Tithi. Some of the well known ones happen to be Hanuman Jayanthi in the lunar month of Chaitra, Buddha Poornima in Vaishakha, Vat Poornima in Jyeshta, Guru Poornima in Ashada, Shravan Poornima in Shravana, Shraddha Poornima in Bhadrapada, Sharad Poornima in Ashwina, Karthik Poornima (Karthigai Deepam) in Karthik, Dattatreya Jayanthi in Margashira, Shakambari Poornima in Pausha.
Ammavasya Tithi in general is considered auspicious for worship of forefathers and ancestors. The Ammavasya on Ashwin month is known as Mahalaya Ammavasya and is especially sacred for offering oblations to ancestors. This period pertaining to the dark fortnight in the lunar month of Ashwina from Krishna Paksha Pratama till Ammavasya is termed as Pitru Paksha where offerings are made to departed souls with the Mahalaya Ammavasya being the most important day for performing obsequies and rites. In the South, Thai Ammavasya occurring in the solar month of Thai or Makara and Aadi Ammavasya taking place in the solar month of Aadi or Katagam is specially considered for oblation and signifies the first Ammavasya after Uttarayana (Northern course of Sun) and Dakshinayana (Southern course of Sun) respectively. If Ammavasya coincides on a Monday it has a special significance and fasting on this day is said to ensure desires being fulfilled. The day after Naraka Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Ashwija is when Diwali celebrations actually culminates. It is also the day when Lakshmi Pooja takes place with worship for Lakshmi, the Goddess for Wealth and Ganesh, the God for auspicious beginnings. 

- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives are very patient by nature and possess a lot of respect towards their parents. They are very intelligent and talented in performing any activity. Ensure to speak the truth always.
  : They undergo a lot of oscillation in life with regular ups and downs.
  : As per Kalapurusha, no house gets affected by Tithi Shoonya. However they need to be careful with respect to certain matters due to the proximity of the Moon being directly opposite (Poornima) and too close to the Sun (Ammavasya) respectively.

Note: Hindu festivals are largely decoded based on the Tithi in operation. The Christian festivals are more aligned to a specific day or date such as Christman always arising on December 25th, New Year's on Jan 1st etc. Muslim festivals on the other hand are largely based on Moon sighting and not observance of a particular Tithi as most Hindu festivals but they more or less have a correlation as Moon's phases originate as part of Tithi. It would be quite interesting to note that Ramadan always commences around Shukla Paksha Dwitiya Tithi based on the viewing of crescent moon and Eid on Shukla Paksha Dwitiya Tithi in the following lunar month. Muslims are known to fast and offer obeisance to God for Ramadan during the entire month and Eid marks the end of the Islamic holy month fasting of Ramadan. Another of their festival, Bakrid happens around Shukla Paksha Dashami in the lunar month of Ashada.

                                              

Information and Results pertaining to different Karanas of Panchanga

A Karana is considered to be half of a Tithi and there are 11 Karanas in totality. A Tithi gets formed every time the Moon moves 12 degrees away from the Sun and half of a Tithi is a Karana which is 6 degrees. Hence there are 60 Karanas in total (360°/6) which are however further categorized into 11 as 7 of the karanas are movable and repeat 8 times in a cycle making up 56 and there are remaining 4 fixed karanas all together making up the sum total of 60.

It is said that Knowledge of Karanas leads to success. There is also a popular saying stating 'Karanam Thappinal Maranam' meaning Karanam is so powerful that it can even save you from the clutches of death. It is also said to be the 'Karya Siddhi' that translates as 'granting of success'. A Karana can indicate means of work getting accomplished and providing a direction towards life by putting in the required efforts. Since it is directly dealing with Karma and Saturn is the forebearer planet of the same, Karanas in general are said to be governed mainly under the auspices of Saturn with it also being the natural 10th Lord of the Kalapurusha.

Herewith sharing few snippets about the 11 different Karanas obtained from various Tamil speeches and informatory materials. In general the movable Karanas which are 7 of them that repeat 8 times in the cycle are said to be favorable and the 4 fixed karanas which get formed during the last half of Krishna Chaturdashi Tithi, full Ammavasya and former half of Shukla Paksha Pratipada (or Pratamai) are said to be inauspicious.

1) Bava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Chevvai - Mars

✔Animal: Singham - Lion

✔Deity: Narasimha (The Lakshmi Narasimhar temple located in Namakkal especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Punnai Mara Poo - White flower (Calophyllum Inophyllum)

✔Prasad: Neivedyam, Annam - Food Grains (Offering of food on Bava Karana is really auspicious)

✔Application / Wearing: Kasthuri - Wild Turmeric

✔Ornament / Ring: Manikkam - Ruby

✔Vessel: Ponnu - Gold

✔Cloth: Venmai - Pale White cloth

✔Offering: Pala Pazham - Jackfruit

General Information:

- Natives born in Bava Karana are said to be magnanimous and do not tend to have any greed.

-Since their animal is Lion, they are mostly very brave and tend to be in dominant professions such as police, sports, Government Authorities etc.

- Any work performed in Bava Karanam can last up to 48 years and hence all good things can be performed in this Karana

- Most auspicious marriages that have been long lasting would have taken place only in Bava Karana

- Women born in Bava Karanam keep their husbands with honor and they always get praise from family. They are also equivalent to men in every way and have similar earning potential

- People born in this Karana always win and wherever they go will return victorious. They also tend to be respected people in life

2) Balava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Raghu - Rahu

✔Animal: Puli - Tiger

✔Deity:  Ayyappa, Sastha, Gramathu Deivangal (village Gods) (The Ayyappa temple in Sabari Malai especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Shenbaga Malar - Fragrant flowers

✔Prasad: Payasam - Kheer

✔Application / Wearing: Sandhanam - Sandalwood

✔Ornament / Ring: Muthu - Pearl

✔Vessel: Velli - Silver

✔Cloth: Sivappu - Red cloth

✔Offering: Nellika - Gooseberry

General Information:

- One should not upset people born in this Karana. These people will play their cards strategically

- Any task that they get into they will go ahead with plenty of confidence and might

- Said to possess plenty of intelligence (buddhi) and they will be musically inclined and sporty

- Any work done in Balava Karanam lasts for 16 years. All good work can be performed in Rahu Kaalam because Rahu is the planet of this Karana

- 2nd - family, 5th - children, 7th - marriage, 8th - marital bond (mangalyam) - they say if Rahu/Ketu sits in these houses it casues Dosham but if born in Balava Karanam such issues don't normally occur

3) Kaulava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Shani - Saturn

✔Animal: Pandri - Pig

✔Deity: Varaha Murthy (The Bhu Varaha temple in Shri Msuhnam especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Mahilam Malar - Yellow flower (Spanish Cherry) 

✔Prasad: Paniyaram or Paddu - Rice lentil dumplings

✔Application / Wearing: Kungumam - Vermilion

✔Ornament / Ring: Velli - Silver

✔Vessel: Sembu - Copper

✔Cloth: Kandangi - Cloth made from cotton or silk threads

✔Offering: Kothamali Sadham - Coriander Rice

General Information:

- Saturn is the karaka for profession. These people are usually research oriented and any studies based on research is good for them

- People born in this karana should not do betrayal to their animal and hence shouldn't consume pork

- Even if Saturn is in 6,8,12 it won't cause problems and planets sitting in upachaya from Saturn tend to do good

- Bore work, all land related things will come under this Karana. In villages any well fitting work is done in this karana

4) Taitula:

✔Planetary Ruler: Sukran - Venus

✔Animal: Kazhudhu - Donkey

✔Deity: Jyeshta Devi, Moodevi (Alakshmi) - Known as the elder sister of Goddess Mahalakshmi (The Jyeshta Devi temple in Brahmapureeshwar, Perunagar especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Malligai Poo - Jasmine

✔Prasad: Appam - Pancake

✔Application / Wearing: Korochanam - Oxbile (Fel Borinum Purifcatum)

✔Ornament / Ring: Vairam - Diamond

✔Vessel: Irumbu - Iron

✔Cloth: Manjal - Yellow cloth

✔Offering: Neer Pushnika, Manga, Keerai - Ash Gourd, Mangoes, Spinach

General Information:

- Most auspicious karana for ladies. For marriage related things it is very good. In those days for seeing girls it used to happen in Taitula Karanam

- They are very concerned about their family and sacrifice themselves for every cause. Also happen to very hard working and slog a lot

- People struggling to get married also can pray to Jyeshta Devi on a Taitula Karanam day

- Sugar, diabetes, lungs related issues all pertain to Venus - Getting treated for these on Taitula Karana helps in getting relief

5) Garaja:

✔Planetary Ruler: Chandran - Moon

✔Animal: Yannai - Elephant

✔Deity: Vinayak or Pillayar (The Vinayaka temple in Pillayar Patti especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Sembaruthi - Hibiscus

✔Prasad: Paal - Milk

✔Application / Wearing: Kaasu Katti - Ayurvedic herb resin

✔Ornament / Ring: Manikkam - Ruby

✔Vessel: Eeyam - Lead

✔Cloth: Karuppu Niram - Black colour cloth

✔Offering: Thengai - Coconut in any form

General Information:

- Because animal is elephant, these people tend to have very good memory. They will tend to keep secrets about themselves

- This Karana is good for agriculture and Government related work. These people tend to know high profile influential personalities

- Wherever they go they will earn. They also tend to leave their family and live alone. The ancestors of these natives will be high personalities and tend to come from a distant land

- They tend to face a lot of humiliation, all these will be lessons and they will succeed later on

- They have extra compassion and affection which leads them to face lots of problems. They are even termed as ''Paasa Muttal'' meaning Affectionate fools

- They never think only for themselves, always look at things from a common cause

- They find it difficult to have a house of their own and always tend to have land, house related issues

- All things come in their life only after significant delays

- Mostly love marriage tends to happen, some issues in family always takes place, also female children are associated. Also these karana natives are known to face marriage issues in general.

6) Vanisai:

✔Planetary Ruler: Suriyan - Sun

✔Animal: Nandhi - Bull

✔Deity: Nandi Keshwar (The Nandeswar temple in Thirumalapadi especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Neela Lochanam - Blooming Blue/Purple Lotus

✔Prasad: Thayir - Curd

✔Application / Wearing: Manjal Podi - Turmeric

✔Ornament / Ring: Pavalam - Coral

✔Vessel: Panchalokam - 5 metal alloy mix

✔Cloth: Kambali - Blanket material

✔Offering: Narathai - Orange

General Information:

- Favorable for Government related job, meeting important personalities and politics

- Bava and Vanija are supposed to be most auspicious and hence any work performed in these 2 karanas are very good especially for house construction activities

- Most temples were constructed on Vanija and that’s why these are spoken till this day.

- These people tend to face marriage related issues. It is preferable if they have late marriage

7) Vishti / Bhadrai:

✔Planetary Ruler: Kethu - Ketu

✔Animal: Kozhi - Cock

✔Deity: Muruga or Karthikeya (The Murugan temple in Tiruchendur especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Gundumani Poo - Arabian Jasmine

✔Prasad: Chitrannam - Lemon based rice

✔Application / Wearing: Karpooram - Camphor

✔Ornament / Ring: Pushparagam - Yellow Sapphire

✔Vessel: Venkalam - Bronze

✔Cloth: Thozh - Skin based material

✔Offering: Murungakka - Drumstick

General Information:

- People born in this karana should not do betrayal to their animal and hence shouldn't consume chicken

- This karana translates to poison, these people have high resistance power to ward off evils.

- This is very convenient for Agriculture related work, also for house painting because Ketu is multi colour

- Wherever they go they will come out victorious and are especially smart in winning their enemies. There will be some mystery about them

- They will be very devoted to family and especially ladies will sacrifice themselves for family

- People born in this karana can be medical practitioners, astrologers, spiritual related persons

8) Shakuni:

✔Planetary Ruler: Shani - Saturn

✔Animal: Kaagam - Crow

✔Deity: Saneeshwara or Shani Bhagwan (The Shani temple in Tirunellar especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Shenbaga Poo - Magnolia Champak

✔Prasad: Vellam - Jaggery

✔Application / Wearing: Seru - Sludge / Mud

✔Ornament / Ring: Karuppu Nool - Blackish ornamentation

✔Vessel: Kal Pathiram or Kal Kattu - Vessel made of stone

✔Cloth: Karuppu Niram - Black cloth material

✔Offering: Kothamalli - Cilantro or coriander based items

General Information:

- Giving food to crow on a daily basis is very good

- They work against usual force of nature and against Dharma and this creates problems for them with others. They know to play tricks well

- They tend to be the leader of the pack, they work with lot of jewelry like Gold, Silver Business etc. These people tend to keep mortgage of jewelry

9) Chatushpada:

✔Planetary Ruler: Guru - Jupiter

✔Animal: Naayi - Dog

✔Deity: Bairavar, Rudran (The Kala Bairavar temple in Kshetrapalam especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Kondrai Malar - Golden flowers (Cassia Fistula) 

✔Prasad: Then - Honey

✔Application / Wearing: Thiruneer - Sacred Ash

✔Ornament / Ring: Sphadik Mala - Crystal Quartz

✔Vessel: Mara Pathiram - Brass vessel

✔Cloth: Manja Niram - Yellow color cloth

✔Offering: Aapil - Apple

General Information:

- Chatush indicates 4 types of Veda - Rig, Yajur, Adharva and Sama. Guru indicates leadership position and reputation

- People born in this karana will achieve from a young age and they get money, properties, honour, influence etc

- However Jupiter should not be the 8th lord as it will not be favorable and Jupiter should especially not be in Bharani Nakshatra. Also Guru should not be Tithi Shoonyam

- These people usually get skin/nervous disease like leprosy and they can be ignored even by their own children

10) Nagava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Raghu - Rahu

✔Animal: Paambu - Snake

✔Deity: Nagaraj (The Nagaraja temple in Nagerkoil especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Olai Poo - Coconut leaf flower

✔Prasad: Nei Kalandha Porul - Items made with ghee

✔Application / Wearing: Sambrani - Benzoin

✔Ornament / Ring: Vaidhuryam - Cat's Eye

✔Vessel: Marathodu Pathiram - Tree wood vessel

✔Cloth: Karu Neelam - Dark blue cloth material

✔Offering: Nellikai - Gooseberry

General Information:

- These people are known to settle in far off or foreign places usually

- They will go out of their way to earn for themselves and family. They will earn wherever they go

- Balava Karana is known as Amritha (sweet) Rahu whereas Nagava Karana is Visha (poison) Rahu

- For others they will go and do things out of their way. Also known to do every thing in a major big way

- Nobody can run or hide from them as they have very sharp vision. They also tend to get angry quickly

- Skin problems these people tend to have regularly. They also tend to have lots of desires

- These people can do work in fields such as marketing, medicine, press, media, cameraman, magician

11) Kimstugna:

✔Planetary Ruler: Budhan - Mercury

✔Animal: Pulu - Worm

✔Deity: Dhanvantri (The Dhanvantri temple in Sri Rangam especially is considered auspicious) 

✔Flower: Kongu Malar - Decorative flowers

✔Prasad: Sarkarai Kalandhu Porul - Items made with sugar

✔Application / Wearing: Javadhu - Herbal paste made from Sandal

✔Ornament / Ring: Muthu - Pearl

✔Vessel: Moongil - Bamboo

✔Cloth: Ven Pattu - White silk cloth material

✔Offering: Thakkali - Tomato based items

General Information:

- This is a karanam for medicine, herbs (mooligai), doctors and hospitals. These people even tend to grow worms

- These people tend to oscillate and are pretty fickle minded when it comes to making any decision

- 3rd place from Lagnam causes issues - ears, nose, tongues get affected. 7th place if Mercury is placed there can be issues in marriage as Mercury denotes dual tendencies

- Astrology, communication, Documents, multi level marketing, bookshop, lawyer all come under work of this karana

- These people can donate green grams, help transgenders and those having mind related troubles

                                                          P.S: Picture obtained from Net

Usage of Panchanga Elements in Horoscope Analysis

The Panchang plays a pivotal role in delineating a horoscope. It is generally perceived that the elements of the Panchanga viz Vara, Nakshatra, Tithi, Yoga and Karana are used only for the purpose of a muhurta which is to say selecting an auspicious period of time but it's scope in actuality is much beyond that and can also be useful when deciphering the planetary play of events in a horoscope. Let's look at a few clues which the Panchanga provides us while analyzing a horoscope.

Vara : Solar Day Transiting at Birth
It is said that Knowledge of Vara brings Life. A Vara begins from the beginning of sunrise and lasts till the end of the next day of Sunrise. In essence a Vara or Weekday lasts for an approximate period of 24 hours. The Vara is said to denote 'Arogya' which can be deemed to know about the health, vitality and characteristics of a person.

The day in which a person takes birth can tell in brief about the well being of a person. For eg. if a person were born on a Wednesday, then the ruler of the day happens to be Mercury. Through the placement of Mercury we can know somewhat about the health of the native. The strongest houses in a horoscope are usually the kendra houses with 10th being the strongest followed by the 7th, 4th and 1st. Hence the weekday planet placed in a strong kendra could indicate that vitality is strong unless badly afflicted. 

Apart from this, each of the Vara has an obstructer that happens to be the 6th from the weekday lord. For this purpose we also take into account Rahu and Ketu that are factored in after Saturday ruled by Saturn. The 6th planet from the weekday is known to cause Stambana or freeze and ideally this planet should be weaker than the Vara planet when ascertaining the well being of a native. Let us take a look below at the 6th planetary ruler from each weekday.

Sunday - Ruler Sun, Obstructer Venus
Monday - Ruler Moon, Obstructer Saturn
Tuesday - Ruler Mars, Obstructer Rahu
Wednesday - Ruler Mercury, Obstructer Ketu
Thursday - Ruler Jupiter, Obstructer Sun
Friday - Ruler Venus, Obstructer Moon
Saturday - Ruler Saturn, Obstructer Mars

For instance if someone were born on Thursday, then planetary ruler is Jupiter. The obstructer happens to be Sun because we need to count 6 from Thursday which happens to be Thursday->Friday->Saturday->Rahu->Ketu->Sunday. As observed we need to factor Rahu and Ketu after Saturday and before Sunday is counted next again. Hence a person can be born on any of the 7 days from Sunday to Saturday ruled by the 7 planets from Sun to Saturn but the obstructor can be any of the 9 planets including Rahu & Ketu also. Rahu is the obstructer for Tuesday (Mars) and Ketu is the obstructer for Wednesday (Mercury). Ideally the opposing Vara planet need to be weaker than the weekday lord for sound body and health.

Other clues to study about the Vara in the chart is it's combination with the Paksha or period of the Lunar Tithi cycle. The combination of Vara and Paksha results in the controllership of a planet and based on where it's placed in the chart, it is believed to have a longingness to that house in which it's placed in the chart. It is supposed to be a pretty powerful technique and just by this placement, it is known to interpret the lifepath of a native. Let's look at the planets in question based on the 14 different combinations:

Sunday Shukla Paksha - Jupiter
Monday Shukla Paksha - Venus
Tuesday Shukla Paksha - Jupiter
Wednesday Shukla Paksha - Venus
Thursday Shukla Paksha - Mars
Friday Shukla Paksha - Mercury
Saturday Shukla Paksha - Saturn
Sunday Krishna Paksha - Mercury
Monday Krishna Paksha - Saturn
Tuesday Krishna Paksha - Mercury
Wednesday Krishna Paksha - Mars
Thursday Krishna Paksha - Venus
Friday Krishna Paksha - Jupiter
Saturday Krishna Paksha - Saturn

As an illustration, let's say a native was born on a Friday in Shukla Paksha. In such a case, the planetary ruler happens to be Mercury. We need to see the placement of Mercury in the horoscope and it can give a lot of insights based on the house it is placed, the nature of sign, the houses it rules etc. For eg. if this Mercury sits in the 8th and happens to be Lagna Lord it can be inferred that the native is fond of research and his mind will always revolve around searching for the unknown.

Nakshatra : The constellation of Moon transiting at Birth
It is said that Knowledge of Nakshatra removes sins. A Nakshatra rules a space of 13° 20' minutes of the 360° zodiac and hence there are 27 Nakshatras in total. Out of all the Panchanga elements prevailing, it is the Nakshatra which is looked at in vogue. Detailed information pertaining to the Nakshatras have been dealt with separately. The Nakshatra is said to connote 'Arivu' meaning knowledge, skill, intelligence etc.

In general parlance the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 9th Nakshatras are supposed to be favorable from a Tara Bal (star strength) point of view. The birth Nakshatra is said to infuse plenty of tensions and the 3rd, 5th, 7th all denote inauspicious time periods. However from a birds eye view seeing where the lord of the Moon Nakshatra is placed in a chart can help estimating in which areas the native will look towards knowledge and information. For eg, lets say someone's Moon Nakshatra is placed in Chitra. We know lord of Chitra is Mars and if this Mars is placed in the 7th house, it can indicate most of the focus in learning, knowledge and collation of information will be towards 7th house signification matters.

Tithi : Every 12 degrees of angular distance at which the Moon moves away from the Sun
It is said that Knowledge of Tithi brings prosperity. A Tithi gets formed every time the Moon moves 12° away from the Sun. Hence there are a total of 30 Tithis (360°/12) with 15 forming the brighter half and the remaining 15 drawing up the darker half. The Tithi talks about 'Selvam' which can be expanded to mean wealth, prosperity, enjoyments, pleasures etc.

'Tithi Shoonya' is one concept which is used quite a bit in ascertaining the houses of 'Karma' which has been dispensed in a separate post. It is also said that the 4th, 8th and 14th Tithi from one's Janma Tithi isn't auspicious. Eg. for one born in Sashti Tithi, the Tithis Navami, Trayodashi, Chaturthi is not supposed to be favorable since they rule the 4th, 8th and 14th from Sashti. However the 5th from Birth Tithi is said to be an auspicious Tithi.

Apart from that, the number of houses that the Moon has moved away from the Sun can indicate the areas in which a native derives pleasures or happiness. For eg an individual born in Shukla Paksha Chaturthi Tithi which is the 4th tithi (36 to 48 degrees) of brighter half would show that the Moon has moved 2 houses away from Sun. This means the focus will mostly be on matters relating to family, wealth, speech, accumulation of resources etc. Also it's good to map the Tithi point as an ausicious area in the zodiac and see where it falls from natal Ascendant. Every rasi of 30 degrees will house 2.5 Tithis (12*2.5=30) beginning from Shukla Paksha Pratamai in Aries. As per this all the Shukla Paksha Tithis will get mapped to Rasis from Aries to Virgo and the Krishna Paksha Tithis will be mapped to Rasis from Libra to Pisces. As an example we can say that Shukla Paksha Ashtami Tithi which is the 8th tithi formed between 84 to 96 degrees will be mapped to Gemini & Cancer with the first 6 degrees from 84 to 90 being in Gemini and next 6 degrees from 90 to 96 falling in Cancer.

The Tithi ruling planet also indicates the benevolence of wealth. The rulership lords are bit different as given by the Kerala Prashna Text 'Krishneeyam' as seen below:

Pratipada - Mars
Dwitiya - Venus
Tritiya - Mercury
Chaturthi - Moon
Panchami - Sun
Sasthi - Jupiter
Saptami - Saturn
Ashtami - Rahu
Navami - Mars
Dasami - Venus
Ekadashi - Mercury
Dwadashi - Moon
Triyodashi - Sun
Chaturdashi - Jupiter
Pournami - Saturn 
Ammavasya - Rahu

Based on where the Tithi Lord planet is placed in the chart can also give a good impetus with respect to matters pertaining to prosperity. For someone born in Dasami and Venus being placed in 4th can be inferred that the native derives lot of pleasures from 4th house significations.

Yoga : Sum total of Sun + Moon amounting to 13 degrees 20 minutes each
It is said that Knowledge of Yoga removes immunity from diseases. Yogas also like Nakshatras comprise of a space of 1320' in the sky but is obtained by adding the degree of the Sun and the Moon. Yoga is about 'Niraivu' that tells about completeness, contentment, abundance etc.

The Yoga point in the horoscope happens to be the addition of Suns and Moons degrees. If they exceed 360°, then 360° needs to be reduced from the sum total. For instance if Sun degree is 282 and Moons is 83, adding the two results in 365 degrees from which 360 degrees needs to be subtracted with the end result being 5 that falls in Ashwini Nakshatra 2nd Pada. Now Ashwini Nakshatra happens to be the Yoga point in the horoscope. The 8th Nakshatra from where the yoga point falls happens to be the Yogi Nakshatra and the lord of the Nakshatra is said to be Yogi planet. Similarly the 22nd Nakshatra from where the yoga point falls happens to be the Avayogi Nakshatra and the lord of the said Nakshatra is said to be Avayogi planet. In the above case Pushya and Saturn tend to be the Yogi Nakshatra and Yogi planet whereas Shravana happens to be the Avayogi Nakshatra and Avayogi planet. It can be construed from this that all Saturn Nakshatras are in general said to be favorable and all the Moon stars are said to be unfavorable. It is also ideal if Yogi Nakshatra is in strong Tara Bal from the Janma Nakshatra.

Yogi planet is said to be the prosperity giving planet and Avayogi planet is said to be the prosperity harming planet. Considering all factors, it is preferable if Avayogi falls into a weak house and Yogi is placed in a strong house. There is also a concept of Uba Yogi and Uba Avayogi which is said to boost up the prosperity and hamper the same respectively and this happens to be the 4th planet from the Vimshottari Dasa sequence in forward or reverse motion depending on whether the birth is in Shukla Paksha or Krishna Paksha. Taking same eg. above of Saturn as Yogi planet for a Shukla Paksha birth, the 4th from Saturn based on Vimshottari forward sequence is Venus (Saturn->Mercury->Ketu->Venus) which is the Uba Yogi planet. Likewise the 4th from Moon which is the Avayogi planet in above example happens to be Jupiter (Moon->Mars->Rahu->Jupiter) which is the Uba Avayogi planet. For a Krishna Paksha birth, the Uba Yogi would be Mars (Saturn->Jupiter->Rahu->Mars) and likewise Uba Avayogi will be Ketu (Moon->Sun->Venus->Ketu) as the sequence is considered in reverse order. There is also a saying that the houses from where the Yogi Nakshatra is placed till the position where the Avayogi Nakshatra falls happen to be the bright houses in a horoscope whereas the position from Avayogi Nakshatra placement to the Yogi Nakshatra placement denote the dark houses in a horoscope. Using the 9 planets, the Yogi Triads are said to be good and the Avayogi triads are bad. With same eg. the sequence goes as Saturn->Mercury->Ketu->Venus->Sun->Moon->Mars->Rahu->Jupiter. To explain someone born in Vishkumba Yoga where Saturn is Yogi, the 1-4-7 planetary triad is preferable which is Saturn, Venus and Mars whereas the triads from Moon which is Avayogi viz Moon, Jupiter, Ketu are 3-6-9 aren't auspicious. The remaining Triad of 2-5-8 are neutral. 

Karana : Every 6 degrees of angular distance at which the Moon moves away from the Sun
It is said that Knowledge of Karanas leads to success. A Tithi gets formed every time the Moon moves 12 degrees away from the Sun and half of a Tithi is a Karana which is 6 degrees. Hence there are 60 Karanas in total (360°/6) which are however further categorized into 11 as 7 of the karanas are movable and repeat 8 times in a cycle making up 56 and there are remaining 4 fixed karanas totaling to 60. Karana is all about 'Muyarchi' that highlights on areas like trying, efforts, perseverance etc.

The Karana ruling planet is the karya siddhi which denotes tasks being completed. Hence the Karana ruling planet has a major role to play as it is the one drawing upon one's karma and hence it's best if it is unafflicted in the chart. The Karana ruling planets are as stated below:

Bava - Mars
Balava - Rahu
Kaulava - Saturn
Taitula - Venus
Garaja - Moon
Vanija - Sun
Vishti - Ketu
Shakuni - Saturn
Chatushpada - Jupiter
Nagava - Rahu
Kimstugna - Mercury

The first seven of the karanas are movable and keep repeating whereas the last 4 are fixed in nature. Based on where the Karana Lord is placed in horoscope, matters relating to one's efforts, professional acumen can be dwelled upon. The Karana point will be similar to the Tithi point as Karana is essentially deduced from the Tithi. It is also said that the 3rd, 8th and 11th Karana from one's Janma Karana isn't auspicious.

Summary of Panchang in Horoscope:
Summarizing below key points to be kept in view while doing Panchanga Analysis in a horoscope

Vara:
- Know the planetary ruling planet of Vara (for eg. Vara ruler of Tuesday is Mars)
- Map the Vara point in the zodiac (See which Nakshatra and house Mars is placed in the horoscope)
- Be cognizant that the 6th planet from the Vara Lord is an obstructer (In this case Rahu is obstructer for those born on Tuesday)
- Understand the life path of native from Vara Paksha (for eg. born on Monday Krishna Paksha, Saturn is the planet governing the life path of the native)

Nakshatra:
- Know the planetary ruling planet of Nakshatra (for eg. Swati ruler is Rahu)
- Map the same in the zodiac (See which Nakshatra and house Rahu is placed in the horoscope)
- Map the Nakshatra point in the zodiac (This is the positional degree of the Moon in the horoscope)
- Be cognizant that the 3rd, 5th, 7th from Birth Nakshatra are inauspicious as per Tara Balan

Tithi:
- Know the ruling planet of Tithi (for eg. Ekadashi ruler is Mercury)
- Map the same in the zodiac (See which Nakshatra and house Mercury is placed in the horoscope)
- Map the Tithi point in the zodiac (for eg. Shukla Paksha Ekadashi will fall in Leo and Krishna Paksha Ekadashi will fall in Aquarius)
- Also find out how many houses the Moon has moved away from the Sun in the horoscope
- Be cognizant that the 4th, 8th, 14th Tithi from Birth Tithi are inauspicious

Yoga:
- Know the ruling planet of Yogi and Avayogi (for eg. Vishkumba yoga born Yogi Saturn Avayogi Moon) 
- Map the same in the zodiac (See which Nakshatra and house Saturn and Moon is placed in the horoscope)
- Map the Yoga point in the zodiac (for eg. Vishkumba Yoga will fall in Ashwini Nakshatra in Aries Rasi)
Be cognizant that the 6th planet from Yogi planet is inauspicious (6th planet from Yogi Saturn is Moon)

Karana:
- Know the ruling planet of Karana (for eg. Garaja ruler is Moon)
- Map the same in the zodiac (See which Nakshatra and house Moon is placed in the horoscope)
- Map the Karana point in the zodiac (this will be same point as that of Tithi since Karana is derived)
- Be cognizant that the 3rd, 8th, 11th Karana from Birth Karana are inauspicious

Pancha Bhoota, Pancha Tattva and Pancha Anga - The 5 Elements ruled by the 5 Planets

Though there are 9 planets that are considered within the framework of Vedic Astrology, only 5 are real planets with the Sun being a star, Moon a natural satellite and Rahu/Ketu being astronomical points derived from the Moon's orbit around the Earth. Thus the remaining 5 left aside are Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn and these form the fulcrum for the Pancha Bhootas.

The Pancha Bhootas represents the 5 basic elements which is said to be the genesis for cosmic creation. These elements are Fire, Earth, Ether, Air and Water and said to be governed by the 5 planets as mentioned below:

Fire - Mars

Earth - Mercury

Ether - Jupiter

Air - Saturn

Water - Venus

Let's briefly look at each of these elements and why they are being governed by a particular planet. The sequence on which the elements are formed are Ether -> Air -> Fire -> Water -> Earth 

Ether: (Also Sky or Space)

The one keyword signifying Ether is 'Availability'. The nature of it is Sound, sense organ is Ears and it denotes a Vaccum state. The characteristic of Ether is is to make things available and basically indicates the availability of space around for it to grow. In Vedic Astrology, there is no specific sign allotted for Ether and it is believed that every house has an element of Ether entwined to it. Since Jupiter is the planet of wisdom, torchbearer of knowledge and also happens to be the largest planet in the solar system known for being expansive by nature, it is associated to be the Governor of Ether.

Air: (Also Wind)
The one keyword signifying Air is 'Movement'. The nature of it is Touch, sense organ is Skin and it denotes a Gaseous state. Characteristic of Air is motion or movement and there are 3 types of movement viz - collecting, holding and distributing. To make anything move, the effort to be taken is the job of air element. In Vedic Astrology, the 3 Air Rasis are Gemini, Libra and Aquarius. Saturn
is the furthest planet in the solar system and windy by temperament. Saturn is the controller of Prana (Breath) by providing the Air and hence ends up being the Governor of Air.

Fire:
The one keyword signifying Fire is 'Creation'. The nature of it is Form, sense organ is Eyes and it denotes a Energy state. Characteristic of Fire is to go up and rise. It is about putting shape to an object and distinguishing it's form and features. The job is to gain knowledge, being authoritative and to perform action. In Vedic Astrology, the 3 Fire Rasis are Aries, Leo and Sagittarius. Mars being the natural aggressor and depicting all fiery energetic traits gets to be the Governor of Fire.

Water:
The one keyword signifying Water is 'Application'. The nature of it is Taste, sense organ is Tongue and it denotes a Liquid state. Characteristic of Water is to build or give happiness as it is the best solvent. It collects, spreads, observes, synthesizes and applies to check if what was formed makes sense. It signifies pleasure by applying what has been formed. In Vedic Astrology, the 3 Water Rasis are Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces. Venus being the natural preserver of happiness and depicting all watery fluid traits is the Governor of Water.

Earth:
The one keyword signifying Earth is 'Preservation'. The nature of it is Smell, sense organ is Nose and it denotes a Solid state. Characteristic of Earth is to take care of small things and make into bigger things. It is steady in nature and unless external force is applied it does not move. Accumulating and increasing the learnt knowledge is a feature of Earth element. In Vedic Astrology, the 3 Earth Rasis are Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn. Mercury being the harbinger of logic and learning providing a foundation for the resources accumulated happens to be the rightful Governor of Earth.

Thus, if you look at it from a broad point of view, the Pancha Bhoota elements are associated with the characteristics that are exhibited by planets. However there is another feature which each of the planets denote which defines the innate nature or Tattva of these elements and that classification is entirely different as can be observed.

Mars relation to Earth:
Mars is said to be the Son of the Earth and is the closest planet that can be considered for living beings to exist apart from Earth. All Land related things that are fixed and rooted to the ground are all mostly ruled by Mars and it's rightfully called the Bhoomi Karaka carrying most of the Earthly significations.

Venus relation to Fire:
Venus is the signifier of Beauty and we are aware that Fire element arises by putting shape to an object. The light of fire is reflective and takes a form or feature that defines the inner passionate nature of Venus. Fire element is also to do with creation and there is a saying ''Beauty is in the eye of the beholder," which means beauty doesn't exist on its own but is created by observers. Also the brightest planet of the solar system happens to be Venus clearly bringing out the innate nature of Fire.

Mercury relation to Water:
Mercury defines intelligence and is said to be a youthful planet. It is the only planet that has a mixture of all the three humors making up the ayurvedic elements of Vaata, Pitta and Kapha. This certainly defines that Mercury is associated with a certain refined taste and artistic ability to portray it's talents. Also looking at it from the solar system, Mercury though being closest to the Sun is said to possess water in it's craters. All this perhaps defines the water element that is brought out by Mercury.

Jupiter relation to Air:
Jupiter is the planet of expansion and known to be the planet that is known to impart knowledge. Even the ancient temple Guruvayur split as Guru = Jupiter and Vayu = Air is dedicated to Lord Krishna and there is a popular statement stating Lord Krishna to be the greatest teacher. This is also justified by the fact that 'Teaching' happens to be one of the prominent significations of planet Jupiter. Also in the solar system Jupiter happens to be the largest planet and said to be a gas giant establishing it's gaseous nature that defines most Air related things.

Saturn relation to Ether:
Saturn defines a state of emptiness and is also a signification for separation. We know that Ether is everything that is associated with a Vacuum state. The 10th house is associated with Karma and it is also known to be the highest point in the sky called as the Mid Heaven and we know that the natural ruler of the 10th sign in the Zodiac happens to be Saturn. Among the Navagrahas, Saturn also happens to be the furthest planet in the solar system and consists of a magnetic field of mass with several Moon rings around it making it extensive and widespread. All these indicate that Saturn rules most of the Ether related significations.

Summary in a Nutshell:
- Ether characteristics are exhibited by Jupiter but Ether related significations are denoted by Saturn
- Air characteristics are exhibited by Saturn but Air related significations are denoted by Jupiter
- Fire characteristics are exhibited by Mars but Fire related significations are denoted by Venus
- Water characteristics are exhibited by Venus but Water related significations are denoted by Mercury
- Earth characteristics are exhibited by Mercury but Earth related significations are denoted by Mars

Alternatively, it can also be said that;
- Mars is Fire element by nature (One can think of Anger, Energy, Domination) but implies Earth significations (such as Landed Properties, Construction, Roots)
- Venus is Water element by nature (One can think of Sentiment, Happiness, Imagination) but implies Fire significations (Beauty, Passion, Creativity)
- Mercury is Earth element by nature (One can think of Intelligence, Logical, Organize) but implies Water significations (Application, Synthesis, Taste)
- Jupiter is Ether element by nature (One can think of Expansion, Life Force, Availability) but implies Air significations (Teaching, Learning, Knowledge Gathering)
- Saturn is Air element by nature (One can think of Movement, Unorthodox, Efforts) but implies Ether significations (Such as Distance, Separation, Karma)

Thus if you look at it from a larger picture including the zodiac signs which are assigned to each of the planets, it may be interesting to note that almost all the elements are associated with the planets;
- Mars owns a Fire (Aries) and a Water (Scorpio) sign, it is Fiery by nature and indicates Earth related things
- Venus owns a Earth (Taurus) and Air (Libra) sign, it is Watery by nature and indicates Fire related things
- Mercury owns a Air (Gemini) and Earth (Virgo) sign, it is Earthy by nature and indicates Water related things
- Jupiter owns a Fire (Sagittarius) and a Water (Pisces) sign, it is Ethery by nature and indicates Air related things
- Saturn owns a Earth (Capricorn) and Air (Aquarius) sign, it is Airy by nature and indicates Ether related things

Panchanga Planetary Rulers:

Panchang represents the 5 limbs of Time and each element of the Panchang is also ruled by a certain planet. Listing below the planetary rulers with a brief synopsis of each of these elements that are prevalent in the Panchang:
Vara - Jupiter
Nakshatra - Mars
Tithi - Venus
Yoga - Mercury
Karana - Saturn

Vara : Solar Day Transiting at Birth
It is said that Knowledge of Vara brings Life. Few of the characteristics that Vara signifies can be categorized as Vitality, Health, Happiness, Characteristic, Life Force. We know the natural Jeeva Karaka is Jupiter and hence it takes the primary responsibility of the Vara element.

Nakshatra : The constellation of Moon transiting at Birth
It is said that Knowledge of Nakshatra removes sins. Some characteristics that Nakshatra signifies can be classified as Laying foundation, Preserving knowledge, Consolidation, Growth. This talks about roots and ground level knowledge which is signified by Mars and hence it takes the primary responsibility of the Nakshatra element. Also a Nakshatra based ancient text 'Kumaraswamiyam' that imparts the knowledge of Nakshatras which as legend goes is directly interpreted by Lord Muruga (Karthikeya) is known to be the deity of planet Mars. Hence the relation of Mars and Nakshatras.

Tithi : Every 12 degrees of angular distance at which the Moon moves away from the Sun
It is said that Knowledge of Tithi brings prosperity. Certain characteristics that Tithi states about is Passion, Pleasures, Relationship, Desires. This is under the ownership of Venus and hence it takes the primary responsibility of the Tithi element.

Yoga : Sum total of Sun + Moon amounting to 13 degrees 20 minutes each
It is said that Knowledge of Yoga removes immunity from diseases. Yoga's characteristics speak about general well being, fulfillment of needs etc. This is under the control of Mercury and hence it takes the primary responsibility of the Yoga element.

Karana : Every 6 degrees of angular distance at which the Moon moves away from the Sun
It is said that Knowledge of Karanas leads to success. Karanas characteristics include Work getting accomplished, providing a direction in life, making things happen. Saturn rules Karma and is the natural ruler of the 10th house of profession. It is also known to be the 'Karya Siddhi' which translates to tasks being completed. Hence Saturn takes the primary responsibility of the Karana element.

Note: There are also other views with respect to the Panchanga planetary rulers. 
Alternate Planetary Panchang Rulers - 1
Vara - Mars
Nakshatra - Mercury
Tithi - Venus
Yoga - Jupiter
Karana - Saturn
Since Vara is all about energy it is said to be characterized by the Mars element. Nakshatra is all about relating to the mind and so there is a school that believes Mercury should be the harbinger behind the same. With regard to Yoga, it's all about auspiciousness and hence Jupiter by default takes centerstage in owning the same.

Alternate Planetary Panchang Rulers - 2
Vara - Mars
Nakshatra - Saturn
Tithi - Venus
Yoga - Jupiter
Karana - Mercury
The above list is based on the elements at play. Vara is said to be ruled by the fire element hence Mars takes ownership. Nakshatra is about the ability to think and dissect which deals with the air element and hence ruled by Saturn. Tithi is all about water and so Venus lords it. Yoga is associated with Ether and hence Jupiter takes rulership and Karana denotes earth element and hence associated with Mercury.

In essence, the panchanga elements can also tend to signify the following key words with Vara stating about health/well being (Arogyam), Nakshatra on knowledge/intelligence (Arivu), Tithi about wealth/prosperity (Selvam), Yoga mentioning completeness/satisfaction (Niraivu) and Karana speaks about efforts/perseverance (Muyarchi).

Time Technique of Pancha Pakshi Shastra!

Pancha Pakshi is a technique used to ascertain a good time period for performing an activity. It is an ancient Tamil technique and said to be very powerful when used efficiently. The shastra of Pancha Pakshi deals with a number of things such as lucky directions, colours, name syllables etc but largely used for understanding favorable times for an individual to perform important tasks.

Pancha Pakshi makes use of 3 elements of the Panchang viz Vara, Nakshatra and Tithi. These three hold high prominence in the methodology of Pancha Pakshi Shastra. The concept on an overall framework works based on a bird assigned to each individual depending on the birth star one is born and this associated bird is supposed to give good and bad results on specific days (Vara) and Tithi based on whether the moon is operating in a waxing cycle or waning cycle.

There are 5 birds utilized in the Pancha Pakshi Shastra viz Vulture, Owl, Crow, Cock and Peacock. All these birds engage in different activities such as Rule, Walk, Eat, Sleep and Die. The birds are said to be most active in ruling state and most weakest in their dying state. Each day and night of 12 hours each (30 Nazhika) are divided into five equal portions called Yaama of 2 hours and 24 minutes each (6 Nazhika) and allotted to different activities of the birds. Please remember day time begins from sunrise to sunset and night time begins from sunset to next day sunrise. If the distance between sunrise to sunset or sunset to next day sunrise happens to be a little over or less than 12 hours, that needs to be factored as well to ensure that both day and night portion are equally split into 5 portions and allotted to all the 5 birds.

Method to know Pancha Pakshi:
First you need to know the bird which you are ruled by and for this one of the methods is by simply knowing your Birth Nakshatra. Each bird is mapped to a set of Nakshatras and based on that you can figure out which bird you belong to. The order of birds synced with Nakshatras is as inscribed below:

Vulture : Ashwini, Bharani, Kritika, Rohini, Mrigashira (1 to 5 Nakshatras)
Owl : Arudra, Punarvasu, Pushya, Aaslesha,  Magha, Purva Phalguni (6 to 11 Nakshatras)
Crow : Uttara Phalguni, Hasta, Chitra, Swati, Vishakha (12 to 16 Nakshatras)
Cock : Anuradha, Jyeshtha, Moola, Poorvaashadha, Uttaraashadha, Shravana (17 to 22 Nakshatras)
Peacock : Dhanishta, Shatabhisha, Purva Bhadra, Uttara Bhadra, Revathi (23 to 27 Nakshatras)

There is another opinion that the order of the birds are reversed based on whether you were born in waxing phase or waning phase. For instance let's say someone were to be born in Magha Nakshatra in Shukla Paksha. In this case Owl will be the Pakshi or bird assigned. However if the native was born in same Magha Nakshatra but in the waning half or Krishna Paksha, then Cock is said to be assigned as the Bird order is said to be reversed. There is never really a consensus on this and hence this note is documented here as a piece of information

However the more correct approach of determining one's bird would be based on one's actual Date, Place and Time of Birth. This will be explained below by means of an illustration along with the concept.

Ruling Days and Death Days:
As per the shastra of Pancha Pakshi, each of the birds rule a particular day and night depending on waxing and waning cycles of the moon and also happen to be in a dying state based on an entire day from sunrise to next day sunrise also with respect to the waxing and waning cycles of the moon. For instance Vulture rules Day time during waxing phase on a Tuesday whereas it rules night time on a Friday in the waxing phase. Likewise you can figure out that Owl is in a death state during the whole of Monday both during day time and night time in the waning phase. The table below lists the days of the week along with the ruling period as well as dying period for each of the birds both in waxing as well as waning state.

Bird Sequence and Order of Activities:
As indicated earlier, each bird performs an activity for 2 hours and 24 minutes (1 Yama or 6 Nazhikas) and has 5 activities to perform which totals 12 hours during day time and 12 hours during night time. Let us say, the day is a Sunday day time and moon is in the waxing state. The ruling bird for the day time on Sunday during the waxing phase happens to be Vulture. Now within this day time of 12 hours, each bird will perform different activities for 144 minutes or 2 hours and 24 minutes. For eg if the sunrise starts at 6AM on Sunday, Vulture will be in eating state from 6.00 AM to 8:24 AM, walking state from 8.24 AM to 10.48 AM, ruling state from 10.48 AM to 13:12 PM, sleeping state from 13:12 PM to 15:36 PM and in dying state from 15:36 PM to 18:00 PM. Every other bird will also be engaged in different activities for 144 minutes within the same time frame. Also within this time frame of 144 minutes or 2 hrs 24 minutes there are sub periods of activities taking place of sub birds within the main bird. To explain, we know that the Vulture is in eating state from 6.00 AM to 8:24 AM in a day time on Sunday during the waxing phase. Within this 144 minutes there are sub activities of all the 5 birds split up starting from the main bird such as to say Vulture eats from 6.00 AM to 6:30 AM, Owl walks from 6:30 AM to 7:06 AM, Crow rules from 7:06 AM to 7:54 AM, Cock sleeps from 7:54 AM to 8:12 AM and Peacock dies from 8:12 AM to 8:24 AM. These sub periods are made to ascertain the relationship of the main bird with other birds and to divide time at a deeper intricate level. The information below explains the sequence of birds along with the split of the sub bird activities which are broken into different time periods (minutes) or Nazhikas.

SEQUENCE BEGINNING FROM RULING BIRD
DAY TIME WAXING : VULTURE->OWL->CROW->COCK->PEACOCK
NIGHT TIME WAXING : VULTURE->PEACOCK->COCK->CROW->OWL
DAY TIME WANING : VULTURE->CROW->PEACOCK->OWL->COCK
NIGHT TIME WANING : VULTURE->COCK->OWL->PEACOCK>CROW

ORDER OF ACTIVITY IN EACH YAMA
DAY TIME WAXING : EAT 30-WALK 36-RULE 48-SLEEP 18-DEATH 12
NIGHT TIME WAXING : EAT 30-RULE 48-DEATH 12-WALK 36-SLEEP 18
DAY TIME WANING : EAT 30-DEATH 12-SLEEP 18-RULE 48-WALK 36
NIGHT TIME WANING : EAT 30-SLEEP 18-WALK 36-DEATH 12-RULE 48

Illustration:
Let's say an individual is born on Thursday at day time 7:30 AM in the Nakshatra constellation of Jyeshta during the Waning Phase. Let's presume that the sun rise time is at 6:00 AM and sunset is at 6:00 PM. First we need to find out the bird for this gentleman based on the sequence of birds and activities mentioned. The Day is Thursday Day Time and Moon is in the Waning Phase. Hence we first need to have this information handy.
BIRD - DAY TIME WANING : VULTURE->CROW->PEACOCK->OWL->COCK
ACTIVITY - DAY TIME WANING : EAT 30-DEATH 12-SLEEP 18-RULE 48-WALK 36

We know that on a Thursday during day time in Krishna Paksha, the Owl happens to be the ruling bird from the table above. Since one Yama runs for 2 hours and 24 minutes and this person was born at 7.30 AM which is just 1 and half hours after Sunrise, it can be understood that he was born during the first Yama. The order of birds always start from the ruling bird and hence within this 2 hours 24 minutes comprising of first Yama, Owl will eat for 30 minutes from 6.00 AM to 6.30 AM, Cock will die from 6.30 AM to 6.42 AM, Vulture will sleep from 6.42 AM to 7.00 AM, Crow will rule from 7.00 AM to 7.48 AM and Peacock will walk from 7.48 AM to 8.24 AM. Since the person was born at 7:30 AM, it was during the time Crow was performing it's activity and hence Crow will be his actual bird. As per the Nakshatra constellation of Jyeshta he would be assigned Cock bird or even owl bird if bird order gets reversed for Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha. This doesn't seem so appropriate and hence the bird based on actual time of taking birth seems more relevant.

Utilizing Time of Pancha Pakshi:
Since the person comes under Crow bird, we will be concerned about the activities and sub activities only of the Crow. Hence the ideal time which should be sought for performing important activities should be on those days when Crow is in a powerful ruling state. We find that during Shukla Paksha in day time it rules on a Thursday and in night time it rules both on Sunday and Tuesday. Similarly in Krishna Paksha, in day time it rules on a Wednesday and in night time it rules Thursday. Hence these periods of approximately 12 hours depending on whether day time or night time is powerful for crow bird native to perform important tasks. Within this time, the sub-periods also can be factored in to find those fragments of time when it's most powerful. Also since the three elements of Vara, Tithi and Nakshatra are used in Pancha Pakshi, it tends to be even more robust when the respective Tithi and Nakshatra are operating on the particular ruling day of the week be it for Shukla Paksha or Krishna Paksha irrespective of day time or night time. The Tithis are 15 in number in both waxing and waning half with 1/6/11 Tithi classified as Nandha, 2/7/12 known as Bhadra, 3/8/13 grouped as Jaya, 4/9/14 called Rikhta and 5/10/15 termed as Purna. The Nakshatras are 27 in number with the cycle beginning from 1st Nakshatra known as Ashwini and ending with 27th Nakshatra titled Revathi.

There are also relationships provided of each bird with another and these periods can also be utilized based on the friendship it possesses with one another.

WAXING MOON:

Vulture: Friends - Peacock & Owl, Enemies - Crow & Cock

Owl: Friends - Vulture & Crow, Enemies - Cock & Peacock

Crow: Friends - Owl & Cock, Enemies - Peacock & Vulture

Cock: Friends - Crow & Peacock, Enemies - Vulture & Owl

Peacock: Friends - Cock & Vulture, Enemies - Owl & Crow

WANING MOON:   

Vulture: Friends - Crow & Peacock, Enemies - Owl & Cock

Owl: Friends - Crow & Cock, Enemies - Vulture & Peacock

Crow: Friends - Vulture & Owl, Enemies - Cock & Peacock

Cock: Friends - Crow & Peacock, Enemies - Vulture & Owl

Peacock: Friends - Cock & Vulture, Enemies - Owl & Crow

Conclusion:

As you can see the whole computation appears a bit complicated. It gets very dicey especially when breaking the puzzle into minute fragments of time intervals and establishing the relation of the sub bird with the main bird. It is definitely a difficult procedure to lay down times for each and every sub atomic level of time. It's surely not helpful for repetitive mundane tasks as getting a hands on of the computation itself will end up taking a long period of time but on an overall framework it can be pretty useful especially when you know the day and night time ruled by your bird and also the deathly state it gets into on specific days. This can help you take well calculated decisions on days favorable to you.

Note: On researching about this topic, I did find some discrepancies in the explanation of some of the definitions. For instance one school of thought does not believe in considering waxing and waning phase when ascertaining the pakshi whereas the other school believes that the bird changes based on whether one is born in Waxing or waning phase. There were also some confusions on whether Shravana star should belong to Cock or Peacock as per Nakshatra scheme of finding bird. I went with the former but still the issue remains unsorted due to various diversions. Also with regard to sub time periods as well as order of birds ruling night time especially there appears to be some issues because it appears misleading that a bird can be both in ruling state at night time and also deathly state during the whole day. These prevailing issues cause some unnecessary distortions for which nobody really knows what the truth is. It is good to know about this technique but the employment of it in practice may involve lots of trials and errors coupled with experience and research especially due to the prevailing confusions associated with respect to this topic.