When it comes to the deities associated with the Nakshatras, it becomes quite a conundrum as there are plenty of confusions circulating around this topic. There is a Vedic Deity prescribed for each of the 27 Nakshatras and there is also an Adi Devata for each of these 27 stars as enunciated by the holy text "Kumaraswamiyam". In addition to this there are specific birth Nakshatras for many of the deities who may or may not be the prescribed deity for that specific Nakshatra.
You find that in majority of cases there is a strong correlation between Devata and Adi Devata but at times there is a bit of an offshoot. We did see the confusion in the previous article about how there were cases when some of the Navagrahas were born in a particular Nakshatra but happened to be the ruling deity in a completely different Nakshatra. The issue gets further accentuated here as unlike the Navagrahas who are also God's themselves, but when it comes to some of the deities they have happened to take so many different forms, shaktis and avatars across multiple time periods making it difficult to pigeonhole the exact Nakshatra that they belong or took birth in.
When it comes to praying of the correct deity for a Nakshatra, it becomes quite a difficult proposition to track down. Let's take a simple illustration - brothers in arms Vinayaka and Murugan are given as the ruling deity of 2 of the stars viz Uttara Ashada and Vishakha respectively. But when we consider their Thiru Nakshatra which is the holy birth star of divine beings, it is believed that Vinayaka was born in the constellation of Hastha actually whereas Murugan was born in the Nakshatra in which he is also the ruling deity viz Vishakha. To add to the complications, Muruga or Subrahmanya as he is called is also associated with various other Nakshatras such as Krithika because he is also named as Karthikeya and due to the nurturing he received from the 6 Krithika sisters. He is also connected to other stars such as Pushya with the Thai Poosam festival conducted in vogue during the month of January/February in the constellation of Pushya around the new moon time. There is also a connection with Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra as his divine marriage to India's daughter Deivanai took place in this constellation of Uttara Phalguni (Uthiram as its called in Tamil) during the solar month of Panguni which runs from around mid March to mid April.
Thus you observe so many different mixing & matching principles coming into the picture. Nothing is really right or wrong but one cannot come to a decision simply abstractly. If one opens the pandora's box there will be many more surprises coming in the way. For instance the Tri Devis and consorts of Trimurtis viz Parvathi, Lakshmi and Saraswathi are said to be born in a Nakshatra which is different from the Nakshatra which they preside over. To exacerbate the situation further, their Shakti forms again tend to have their own singular Nakshatra presided over.
The best way to handle the deity or devata ruling the Nakshatra confusion is to consider the ruling deity provided for a Nakshatra as they exercise complete control over the Nakshatra since they preside and lord over it. That may or may not be the Janma Nakshatra of the particular God but this shouldn't supersede the fact that they are the ruling deity and of prime most importance. Next in line preference should be given to the Nakshatra in which they have taken birth when such information is available and lastly to the connected reference to a particular Nakshatra. This is applicable for divine godly figures who have not been assigned as a specific deity of any of the 27 Nakshatras.
The Vedic Deity provided as per the texts are mostly forms of the 33 types of Gods comprising of 12 Adityas, 11 Rudras, 8 Vasus and the Ashwini Kumars. There are also considerations of Aditi, Brahma, Vishwadeva, Indra etc. Since most of these are addressed as a type of God, Kumaraswamiyam helps dissect by also providing a God to worship in majority of the cases. The one provided by it can be considered sacrosanct consisting of the most plausible god to worship for a specific Nakshatra. To make things further clear, also adding a God to worship depending on factors such as Thiru Nakshatra, God connected to a particular Nakshatra etc can be helpful. In some cases, this can also be a representative God to worship in the absence of a specific worshipping deity not listed out by the Devata/Adi Devata of the Nakshatra. Also it is essential to understand that the majority of the Nakshatras have a Shiva/Vishnu connection. Sharing below the details for each of the Nakshatras.
1) Ashwini
Devata: Ashwini Kumars
Adi Devata: Saraswathi
God: Saraswathi
Note: As Saraswathi is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Ashwini Nakshatra, Goddess Saraswathi should be considered as the main God to pray for Ashwini Nakshatra. Also as Ashwini Kumars are known for healing and being physicians and Saraswathi linked largely for education, any God related to healing, learning can also be considered.
2) Bharani
Devata: Yama
Adi Devata: Durga
God: Durga
Note: As Durga is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Bharani Nakshatra, Goddess Durga should be considered as the main God to pray for Bharani Nakshatra. As the combination of Yama/Durga indicates shakti, dharma, any form of idol linked to these traits can also be worshipped such as Kali, Amman etc. Bharani is also said to be the birth star of Navagraha Rahu and it can also be considered as an alternative deity for this Nakshatra.
3) Krithika
Devata: Agni
Adi Devata: Agni
God: Agnishwar
Note: As Agni or fire is an element and not normally considered for worship in the form of an idol, Shiva worship in fire form can be considered for Krithika such as Agnishwar. Tiruvannamalai is one of the Pancha Bhoota Sthalas associated with the fire element and hence worship of Annamalai at Arunachaleshwarar temple can be very beneficial. Also Lord Saravana Bhava is strongly linked to this Nakshatra and can be worshipped since Karthikeya was born under divine light & fire and nurtured by the 6 Krithika sisters. The Navagraha Moon is also said to have taken birth in this Nakshatra.
4) Rohini
Devata: Prajapati
Adi Devata: Brahma
God: Krishna
Note: As Brahma is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Rohini Nakshatra, Lord Brahma should be considered as the main God to pray for Rohini Nakshatra. However considering that Brahma is not worshipped much in idol form and also the fact that there are very few famous Brahma temples such as Pushkar Brahma Temple or the Brahmapureeswarar Temple which again is a shrine paying homage to both Brahma + Shiva, Lord Sri Krishna can be considered as the main recipient to pray for this Nakshatra on account of the 8th Avatar of Vishnu being born in the constellation of Rohini. Rohini is also said to be the most favourite Nakshatra of the Moon as scriptures mention the Moon God giving extra importance and preference to Rohini among the 27 daughters of Daksha Prajapati.
5) Mrigaseerisham / Mrigashira
Devata: Soma
Adi Devata: Chandran
God: Moon
Note: As Moon is a God in planetary form and specifically listed out as the deity for Mrigashira Nakshatra, the Moon God should be considered as the main God to pray for this Nakshatra. As Lord Shiva wears the crescent Moon on his head, Shiva in a moon form can be worshipped such as Chandra Sudeshwarar, Chandra Mouleeshwarar, Chandra Shekhar, Somaskanda etc. Somnath Jyotirlinga as the name suggests can also be associated with this star. Mrigashira is also the Nakshatra in which Goddess Parvathi is said to have manifested. The temple guardian deity Purusha Mirugam with the body of an animal & head of a human is also associated with this Nakshatra. This is also the Saint Sri Raghavendra Swamy's (aka Rayuru) birth Nakshatra.
6) Thiruvadirai / Aarudra
Devata: Rudra
Adi Devata: Rudran
God: Shiva
Note: As Rudra is a God and the all encompassing Shiva himself, Lord Shiva is specifically listed out as the deity for Arudra Nakshatra. There are said to be 11 types of Rudras viz Kapali, Pingala, Bhima, Virupaksha, Vilohita, Shastra, Ajapaad, Ahirbudhanya, Shambu, Chanda and Bava. This Nakshatra represents all of the Rudras, thus any form of Shiva be it in the form of Linga or idol or any other form can be associated with this Nakshatra. Though there are many Nakshatras directly or indirectly connected with Lord Shiva, Arudra can said to be the defacto primary Nakshatra of Shiva. Sri Ramanujacharya's birth star also happens to be Arudra.
7) Punarpoosam / Punarvasu
Devata: Aditi
Adi Devata: Devas
God: Rama
Note: Devas can be termed as Gods or divine beings in plurality. As it does not represent one particular God, a defining representative for this Nakshatra can be Sri Rama who was born in this star and said to be a Dharmic force exhibiting righteousness and truth. Aditi is said to be the Mother of Gods and Devas come within the ambit of Gods themselves, thus Lord Rama who manifested as the 7th Avatar of Maha Vishnu in the Thiru Nakshatra of Punarvasu can be the main God to be prayed for this star. Sri Adi Shankaracharya's birth star as well as Sri Ramana Maharishi, both happen to be that of Punarpoosam or Punarvasu.
8) Poosam / Pushya
Devata: Brihaspati
Adi Devata: Viyazhan
God: Jupiter
God: As Jupiter is a God in planetary form and specifically listed out as the deity for Pushya Nakshatra, the Jupiter God or Guru should be considered as the main God to pray for this Nakshatra. This Nakshatra can also be linked to the Adi Guru "Sri Dakshinamurthy" who happens to be an aspect of Lord Shiva and considered as the primary foremost of all teachers or Gurus. The star of Pushya is also believed to be the birth star of respected Sage Vasishta. Any Guru like God figure can said to be invoked for this Nakshatra such as Dattatreya, Sai Baba, Kula Guru from one's lineage etc as it's a star for paying homage to all Guru like figures.
9) Aayilyam / Ashlesha
Devata: Nagas
Adi Devata: Adiseshan
God: Adishesha
Note: As Adisheshan, the divine serpent who forms a protective canopy and comforting couch enabling Lord Vishnu's cosmic sleep is considered as a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Ashlesha Nakshatra, Adishesha should be considered as the main God to pray for Ashlesha Nakshatra. Any Naga or Sarpa form of deity can be worshipped for this Nakshatra such as Nagamman, Nagaraja, Naga Kanni etc. The Jyotirling of Nageshwar holds a special place for snake worship and can be connected to this star. Another popular temple famous for snakes down south happens to be Sri Nagaraja temple in the town of Nagercoil. Ashlesha is also said to be the birth Nakshatra of both Lakshmana (Ram's brother) and Balaram (Krishna's brother). Venerated Sage Agasthya is also believed to be born in star of Ashlesha during the solar month of Margazhi. Ashlesha is also said to be the birth star of Navagraha Ketu and it can also be considered as an alternative deity for this Nakshatra.
10) Magam / Magha
Devata: Pitris
Adi Devata: Shukra
God: Venus
Note: As Venus is a God in planetary form and specifically listed out as the deity for Magha Nakshatra, Venus should be considered as the main God to pray for this Nakshatra. It is also believed that Shukra took birth in this particular star. As this Nakshatra is majorly linked to Pitrus, worshipping at Jyotirlinga temples such as Rameshwaram (purifying sin), Trimbakeshwar (Pitru Dosha), Kedarnath (removing karmic burden) etc can be helpful for dissolving ancestral curses and seeking good karma. Lord Bhairava, a manifestation of Shiva can also be worshipped for this Nakshatra because when Bhairava Jayanthi happens on Krishna Ashtami, it mostly gets aligned with Magha star and since the core principle of this Nakshatra is do with Pitru, Drishti, Kula Deva and Karma, Bhairava worship can be helpful. Lord Surya Narayana is also connected with this star as the Ratha Sapthami festival originally falls on Magha Nakshatra in the waxing tithi of Sapthami. There is also a saying of Yama Dharmaraj being associated with this Nakshatra since he governs spirits and ancestral lineage. Goddess Sita is also believed to have taken birth in this Nakshatra. Additionally Madurai Meenakshi and Goddess Ambika are said to have manifested in this star during the solar month of Thai and Maasi respectively.
11) Pooram / Poorva Phalguni
Devata: Aryaman
Adi Devata: Parvathi
God: Parvathi
Note: As Goddess Parvathi is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra, Ma Parvathi who is the primary consort of Lord Shiva should be considered as the main God to pray for Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra. Thus any form or shakti occurring from Parvathi is naturally linked to this star. It is also believed that the Thiru Nakshatra of both Kanchi Kamakshi and Kasi Visalakshi fall under this star. The great female poet saint Andal also took birth in this star during the solar month of Aadi.
12) Uthiram / Uttara Phalguni
Devata: Bhaga
Adi Devata: Sastha
God: Aiyappa
Note: As Dharma Sastha Aiyappa is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra, Aiyappa who is revered as the divine son of Lord Shiva and Mohini who is a female avatar of Lord Vishnu should be considered as the main God to pray for Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra. Swamy Aiyappa is also said to have manifested in this particular birth star during solar month of Panguni. It is also believed to be the birth star of Navagraha Guru Bhagwan and also Goddess Mahalakshmi who manifested from this star through the milky ocean of Ksheera Sagara. When this star coincides with the full moon in the month of Panguni, it is said to be extremely auspicious as many divine deities are said to have exchanged wedding wows on this particular star month such as Shiva & Parvathi, Vishnu & Lakshmi, Rama & Seetha, Murugan & Deivanai, Sage Agasthya & Ma Lopamudra. The Thiru Nakshatra of Poornatrayeesha worshipped as Vishnu in the form of Santhana Gopala Murthy is also said to be Uthiram. The 6th Avatar of Vishnu viz Parashurama is also said to have descended from the star of Uttara Phalguni.
13) Hastham / Hastha
Devata: Savitar
Adi Devata: Suriyan
God: Sun
God: As Sun is a God in planetary form and specifically listed out as the deity for Hastha Nakshatra, the Sun God should be considered as the main God to pray for this Nakshatra. On account of the strong Sun presence, the Gayatri Mantra is connected and hence worship of Gayatri Devi who is an aspect of Saraswati, Lakshmi and Parvati can be taken into account for this Nakshatra. This is also the birth Nakshatra of the ever favorite Elephant God Lord Vinayaka.
14) Chithirai / Chitra
Devata: Tvastar
Adi Devata: Vishwakarma
God: Vishwakarma
Note: As Vishwakarma is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Chitra Nakshatra, Vishwakarma who is the celestial architect of the universe and the master craftsman of the gods should be considered as the main God to pray for Chitra Nakshatra. The most popular deity prayed for this star which also happens to be his birth star is Chakrathalwar or Sudharshana representing the divine discus weapon of Lord Vishnu in an anthropomorphic form. In many shrines one would observe Chakrathalwar born in Chitra star placed on the front side and Yoga Narasimhar born in the subsequent Swathi star placed in the rear side of the discus. This is also the birth star of Chitragupta, the divine accountant who is considered as Yama's assistant recording every human beings good and bad deeds. Lord Brahma is said to have created Chitragupta through the Sun God.
15) Swathi
Devata: Vayu
Adi Devata: Mahalakshmi
God: Lakshmi
Note: As Goddess Lakshmi is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Swathi Nakshatra, Ma Lakshmi who is the primary consort of Lord Vishnu should be considered as the main God to pray for Swathi Nakshatra. Thus any form of Lakshmi can be invoked for this star. 8 types of Lakshmis such as Adi, Dhana, Dhanya, Gaja, Santhana, Veera, Vidya and Vijaya Lakshmi all can be linked to this particular Nakshatra. Lord Narasimha, the famous 4th avatar of Vishnu appearing in the form of half man and half lion manifested in the Nakshatra of Swathi. The fierce Sarabeshwara, a manifestation of Shiva with bird like wings, lion face and multiple arms who was sent to tame Narasimha's fury can also be associated with this star. Garuda Alwar's divine birth also occurred in the star of Swathi during the solar month of Aadi.
16) Visagam / Vishakha
Devata: Indragni
Adi Devata: Subrahmanya
God: Subrahmanya
Note: As Lord Subrahmanya is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Vishakha Nakshatra, Murugan or the various names he is called upon and who happens to be the son of Lord Shiva should be considered as the main God to pray for Vishakha Nakshatra. The divine Lord not only presides as deity but is also said to have manifested from the third eye of his father Shiva in the solar month of Vaikasi when the Nakashatra of Vishakha was visible in the skies. The 9th Avatar of Vishnu in the form of Lord Buddha is also said to be born in the star of Vishakha. The Sun God is also said to have taken birth in the constellation of Vishakha.
17) Anusham / Anuradha
Devata: Mitra
Adi Devata: Vayu
God: Lakshmi Narayana
Note: As Vayu or Air is an element and not normally considered for worship in the form of an idol, Shiva worship in air form such as praying to Vayu Linga can be invoked for this Nakshatra. Another alternative is Lakshmi Narayana who can be considered as worship for Anuradha Nakshatra. Lakshmi Narayana is connected vividly as this Nakshatra represents the symbol of lotus where the Lord Narayana and his consort Lakshmi are said to be seated. As its linked to twin worship and friendship, another divine couple Radha & Krishna also can be invoked for this Nakshatra. Kalahasthi is one of the Pancha Bhoota Sthalas associated with the air element and hence worship of the Vayu Linga or Sri Kalahasteeswara can be very beneficial. It is believed that a trio of animals viz Sri (Spider), Kala (Snake) and Hasthi (Elephant) worshipped the Linga and received salvation from Lord Shiva and that also forms the origin of its name. This also happens to be the birth Nakshatra of Kanchi Maha Periyava. Sage Vishwamitra and Sage Valmiki are both said to have their birth star as Anuradha. The poet who wrote the Thirukural viz Sage Thiruvalluvar is also said to be born in the month of Vaikasi under this particular constellation.
18) Kettai / Jyeshta
Devata: Indra
Adi Devata: Devendran
God: Varaha
Note: As Lord Indra is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Jyeshta Nakshatra, chief of Gods Indra should be considered as the main God to pray for Jyeshta Nakshatra. However considering that Indra is not worshipped much in idol form and there are hardly any temples associated with Indra, the alternative deity which can be considered for this Nakshatra happens to be Varaha - the bow avatar of Vishnu or Varahi the feminine form with Shakti energy. Venerated Sage Vyasa who penned the Mahabharatha and also the Vedas is believed to have born in this star.
19) Moolam / Moola
Devata: Nirriti
Adi Devata: Asura
God: Anjaneya
Note: Asura can be termed as God of demons or a class of powerful spiritual or supernatural beings. It generally connotes a negative purview but should not be taken verbatim as it also deals with removing the inner hurdles and forces from within. There is a reason that Jupiter is provided the title of Deva Guru (Teacher of the Gods) and Venus ordained as the Asura Guru (Teacher of the Demons). As Asura does not represent one particular God as an entity, Anjaneya or Lord Hanuman who also gets coined as Vayu Putra being born to the wind god can be considered for this Nakshatra. Anjaneya is also said to be born in the Nakshatra of Moola with his steadfast devotion, loyalty and service to Lord Rama being unprecedented. Sage Arunagirinathar who was a devout worshipper of Lord Muruga is also said to be born in this Nakshatra. Also the 10 faced Ravana who was an ardent devotee of Lord Shiva having composed the Shiva Tandava Stotram had his birth in the constellation of Moola.
20) Pooradam / Poorva Ashada
Devata: Jala
Adi Devata: Varunan
God: Jambukeshwarar
Note: As Jala or Varuna is water which is an element and not normally considered for worship in the form of an idol, Shiva worship in water form can be considered for Poorva Ashada. Jambukeshwarar is one of the Pancha Bhoota Sthalas associated with the water element and hence worship of the Shiva Linga at this temple can be very beneficial. Other water related temples associated with Lord Shiva can also be considered such as Jalakandeswarar temple. Vishwak Sena, the commander in chief of Lord Vishnu is believed to have manifested on this star during the solar month of Aippasi.
21) Uthiradam / Uttara Ashada
Devata: Vishwadeva
Adi Devata: Vinayaka
God: Vinayaka
Note: As Vinayaka is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Uttara Ashada Nakshatra, Lord Vinayaka should be considered as the main God to pray for Uttara Ashada Nakshatra. The term Vishwa Devas are collectively translated as the Universal Gods and consists of 10 principles viz Kratu, Daksha, Vasu, Satya, Kala, Kama, Dhriti, Kuru, Pururavas, Madravas. Vinayak who is called by various names represents all of these characteristics and is assigned the title as the Universal God. The Navagraha Mars is also said to have been born in this Nakshatra along with also being a subsidiary deity of Uttara Ashada Nakshatra.
22) Tiruvonam / Shravana
Devata: Vishnu
Adi Devata: Vishnu
God: Vishnu
Note: As Vishnu is a God playing out the role of preserving the universe and specifically listed out as the deity for Shravana Nakshatra, Lord Vishnu should be considered as the main God to pray for Shravana Nakshatra. Like Brahma for Rohini and Shiva for Arudra, Vishnu for Shravana is the defacto deity and any version of Vishnu can be invoked for this Nakshatra. The 5th Avatar of Vishnu viz Vamana is specifically said to be born in this Nakshatra. The birth of Hayagriva, a form of Vishnu considered as a God of learning with a human body and face of a horse is also said to have occurred in this Nakshatra. Hayagriva Swamy is believed to have imparted knowledge to the likes of Goddess Saraswathi, Adi Guru Dakshinamurthy and Sage Ved Vyasa. Sukar Brahma Maharishi, an enlightened sage having the face of a parrot who is known for narrating the Bhagavad Purana was also born in Shravana Nakshatra in the solar month of Aani. Sri Madhavacharya who advocated Dvaita Vedanta is also said to have taken birth in this Nakshatra. The Tiruvonam star in the solar month of Purattasi is also considered as the sacred manifestation of Srinivasa Perumal or Venkateshwara Perumal as its believed that Vishnu in the form of Lord Balaji descended to earth during this auspicious period.
23) Avittam / Dhanishta
Devata: Ashta Vasu
Adi Devata: Indirani
God: Indirani
Note: As Indrani is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Dhanishta Nakshatra, Goddess Indrani should be considered as the main God to pray for Dhanishta Nakshatra. She is the consort of Lord Indra and also known by the name of Sachi Devi and also happens to be one of the 7 Saptha Matrikas (seven divine mother goddessess) representing the feminine power of Indra. This Nakshatra is also largely associated with Anantha Sayana Perumal which refers to Lord Vishnu in sacred reclining posture resting on the serpent Adishesha. Mercury Navagraha is said to be born in this Nakshatra and can also be considered an additional deity for Dhanishta. The Ashta Vasus are said to be a combination of 8 elements viz Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Ether, Sun, Moon and the Stars.
24) Sadayam / Satabhisha
Devata: Varuna
Adi Devata: Yaman
God: Mrityunjeshwarar
Note: As Yaman is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Satabisha Nakshatra, Yama Raj should be considered as the main God to pray for Satabisha Nakshatra. Yama is the god of death & justice and protector of law & order known for upholding Dharma. As Yama is not normally prayed in idol form, Lord Mrityunjeshwarar the death defying form of Shiva can be considered apt for worship towards this Nakshatra. Since Lord Anjaneya who also abides by similar principles and known as Chiranjeevi because he is blessed with immortality can be invoked for this Nakshatra. Raja Raja Cholan, the great emperor is said to have been born in this Nakshatra
25) Pooraratathi / Poorva Bhadrapada
Devata: Aja Ekapada
Adi Devata: Kuberan
God: Kubera
Note: As Kubera is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Poorva Bhadrapada Nakshatra, Kubera should be considered as the main God to pray for Poorva Bhadrapada Nakshatra. Kubera is considered as the God of wealth and guarding the riches of the world. He rules over Yakshas associated with treasure and is the custodian of wealth. He is also known as the half brother of the demon king Ravana. As this Nakshatra also happens to be one of the Rudras, it is associated with Eka Pada linked as Ajapaada, a one footed form of Lord Shiva symbolizing transcendence, formless energy and eternal presence.
26) Uthiratathi / Uttara Bhadrapada
Devata: Ahir Budhanya
Adi Devata: Kamadhenu
God: Kamadhenu
Note: As Kamadhenu is a God and specifically listed out as the deity for Uttara Bhadrapada Nakshatra, Kamadhenu should be considered as the main God to pray for Uttara Bhadrapada Nakshatra. Kamadhenu is a divine wish fulfilling cow and revered as the mother of all cows symbolising abundance and purity. This Nakshatra is powerfully associated with the energies of Tirupati Balaji temple in Tirumala and there is also a Govinda (cow) story associated with Lord Srinivasa and Goddess Padmavathi. As this Nakshatra also happens to be one of the Rudras, it is associated with Maha Eshwarar linked as Ahir Budhanya associated with the serpent of the deep waters symbolizing cosmic powers, energy and depth.
27) Revathi
Devata: Pooshan
Adi Devata: Shani
God: Saturn
Note: As Saturn is a God in planetary form and specifically listed out as the deity for Revathi Nakshatra, Saturn should be considered as the main God to pray for this Nakshatra. It is also believed that Shani God took birth in this particular star. It is also believed to be the birth star of Aranganatha Perumal from the foremost Divya Desam temple of Sri Rangam. Lord Dattatreya, who is a combined Hindu incarnation of the Trimurthies - Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva is said to have manifested in the Nakshatra of Revathi during the lunar month of Vaishakha in the waning Tithi of Dashami on a Thursday with the rising ascendant sign being Meena or Pisces. Dattatreya was born to Sage Atri and Anasuya and known to possess 3 heads and 6 hands representing the Hindu Trinity.
Birth Stars and Deity Information of Well Known Deities
When we look at the Devata and Adidevata for each of the Nakshatra, it normally tends to align well with the Devata comprising of a form or entity which normally gets assigned to any of the 12 Adityas, 11 Rudras, 8 Vasus, Ashwins, Indra, Prajapati, Yama, Mother God Aditi, God of Destruction Nirriti, Universal God Vishwadeva, God of ocean Varuna or God of the Navagrahas. On the other hand, the Adi Devata describes the relevant God to be allotted for each of the Nakshatra. In couple of the cases, you see a mismatch. For instance the Devata of Bharani is Yama whereas Adidevata of Satabisha is Yama. However deity has been clearly described for Bharani as Durga whereas Yama or any Shiva form like Mrityunjeshwar is prescribed to be the deity for Satabisha. Another set of Nakshatras where this confusion arises is between Swathi and Anuradha. The Devata of Swathi is Vayu whereas the Adi Devata of Anuradha is also provided as Vayu. However, here too Goddess Mahalakshmi is clearly indicated as the deity for Swathi which means any Wind related God should be invoked for Anuradha. There is sometimes a case of Lord Narasimha being linked to Swathi but it should be clearly noted that Lord Narasimha was only born in Swathi whereas the Governing deity of Swathi Nakshatra is well and truly Goddess Mahalakshmi only.
Thus, to summarize the first preference should always be given to the Devata and Adi devata. If a particular divine figure doesn't belong to that category then we should look for their divine manifestation / Thiru Nakshtra. In the absence of that information, next in line we can give preference to the connected reference of a Nakshatra. For instance, Sai Baba worship be it Puttabarthi or Shirdi we know they are not assigned as deities for any Nakshatra. For Sathya Sai Baba, we are aware that he took birth in Aarudra Nakshatra so he gets assigned that whereas for Shirdi Baba, we do not have his birth particulars, so the best assignment can be the connected reference which is Pushya since its the Nakshatra mentioned to be ruled by 'Guru' and Sai Baba is normally worshipped on Thursday and provided a Guru like status.
Listed below are the birth stars of some prominent deities to clear and understand the concept of birth star, connected reference and presiding deity:
Trimurthis:
Shiva - Mentioned to be born in Arudra Nakshatra. Shiva is also clearly the presiding deity of Aruda Nakshatra
Vishnu - Mentioned to be born in Shravana Nakshatra. Vishnu is also clearly the presiding deity of Shravana Nakshatra
Brahma - Mentioned as not having a specified birth star as such but is clearly the presiding deity of Rohini Nakshatra
Tridevis:
Parvathi - Mentioned to be born in Mrigashira Nakshatra. Parvathi however happens to be the presiding deity of Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra
Lakshmi - Mentioned to be born in Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra. Lakshmi however happens to be the presiding deity of Swathi Nakshatra
Saraswathi - Mentioned to be born in Moola Nakshatra. Saraswathi however happens to be the presiding deity of Ashwini Nakshatra
Sons of Shiva:
Vinayaka - Mentioned to be born in Hastha Nakshatra. Vinayaka however happens to be the presiding deity of Uttara Ashada Nakshatra
Subrahmanya - Mentioned to be born in Vishakha Nakshatra. Subrahmanya is also clearly the presiding deity of Vishakha Nakshatra
Aspects of Parvathi:
Durga - Mentioned as not having a specified birth star as such but is clearly the presiding deity of Bharani Nakshatra. There is also a form of her known as "Vishnu Durga" acting as a bridge between Lord Shiva and Lord Vishnu. Also known as Yogamaya, she is recognized as the beloved sister of Vishnu and spouse of Lord Shiva and this idol is much prevalent in Shiva Vishnu Temples.
Ambika - Mentioned to be born in Magha Nakshatra. Goddess Parvati in the form of Ambikapathi is said to have incarnated on earth as the daughter of Daksha Prajapati on the auspicious day of Masi month Magam Nakshatra. She is considered an epithet of Parvati, Durga or Devi.
Kali - No clear Pravyakta Nakshatra or manifested birth star but can be considered as the presiding deity of Moola Nakshatra on account of her traits aligning with the principles of Nirriti who is associated to be the Goddess of Destruction.
Parvathi -> Durga -> Kali connection:
Parvathi is said to be the gentle counterpart of Shiva's intensity and considered as the Goddess of Love, Devotion and Fertility. When Parvathi becomes fierce, she becomes Durga who is considered as the warrior goddess riding a lion in battle. When Durga's fury reaches peak and intensifies to another magnitude, then she transforms into Kali, the Goddess of time and death. Kali terrifies people at the outset but represents the ultimate destroyer of ego and illusions. Technically they all can be considered as one and the same but however you might see alternate variations of names being used such as Parvathi might sometimes be termed as Durga or Kali and vice versa.
Parvathi -> Presiding deity of Pooram / Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra (However the Mountain goddess is said to have been born in Mrigashira Nakshatra)
Durga -> Presiding deity of Bharani Nakshatra (There is no birth Nakshatra as such for Goddess Durga)
Kali -> Presiding deity of Moola Nakshatra (This is an indirect link because Moola is ruled by Nirriti or Alakshmi who is considered to be the Goddess of destruction and dissolution. Nirriti is said to be a direct manifestation of the powerful Kali. There is no birth Nakshatra as such for Goddess Kali)
Avatars of Vishnu:
Narasimha - Mentioned to be born in Swathi Nakshatra.
Vamana - Mentioned to be born in Shravana Nakshatra.
Parashurama - Mentioned to be born in Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra.
Rama - Mentioned to be born in Punarvasu Nakshatra.
Krishna - Mentioned to be born in Rohini Nakshatra.
Buddha - Mentioned to be born in Vishakha Nakshatra.
Matsya - No authentic information is available regarding birth Nakshatra but the possible one can be Revathi due to the symbolic connection of Fish.
Koorma - No authentic information is available regarding birth Nakshatra but the possible one can be Chitra due to the symbolic connection with structure and foundation associated with tortoise.
Varaha - Mentioned to be born in Jyeshta Nakshatra as per most Tamil references.
Kalki - This Avatar has still not occured but scriptures such as Kalki Purana suggest that the birth will be taking place in Avittam or Dhanishta Nakshatra
Note: None of the 10 Avatars of Vishnu are considered as the presiding deity of any Nakshatra. There are also debates considering Buddha's position as a Vishnu Avatar. Alternative texts suggest to consider Balarama instead of Buddha. In that case Balarama's manifested Nakshatra is believed to be Ayilyam or Ashlesha and he is also considered as an incarnation of Ananta Shesha.
Vishnu Connected Forms
Anjaneya - Mentioned to be born in Moola Nakshatra.
Garuda - Mentioned to be born in Swathi Nakshatra.
Hayagriva - Mentioned to be born in Shravana Nakshatra
Andal - Mentioned to be born in Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra. She is the only female among the 12 Alwar saints
Note: None of the above listed names are considered as the presiding deity of any Nakshatra
Aspects of Shiva
Dakshinamurthy - No clear birth star but associated with Pushya on account of the Guru connection. Dakshinamurthy is however not specifically assigned as the presiding deity of any Nakshatra
Bhairava - No clear birth star but associated with Magha due to Bhairava Jayanthi aligning closely to the star and on account of Pitru connection. Bhairava is however not specifically assigned as the presiding deity of any Nakshatra
Sarabeshwara - No clear birth star but associated with Swathi due to Narasimha connection who was also said to be born on the same star and Sarabeshwara manifested to tame Lord Narasimha's fury. The two consorts of Lord Sarabeshwara namely Maha Pratyangira Devi and Shoolini Durga residing on the left and right wing of the Lord can also be considered under the same Nakshatra of Swathi.
Veera Bhadraswamy - No clear birth star but can be associated with Moola due to his fierce presence born out of wrathful unchained energy. It also ties to Moola's symbol of 'roots' and deity of 'Nirriti' since Veera Bhadra manifested from the strand of matted hair of Lord Shiva embodying raw energy and was created after Sati, Shiva's first wife immolated herself during the Daksha Yagna. He was brought into existence to dissolve and uproot Daksha's (Sati's father) sacrifice and ego. Veerabhadra is also believed to be the extremely fierce form of planet Mars.
Muneeshwaran - No clear birth star but can be linked with Revathi because Lord Muneeshwaran's presence is purely to do with being a local guardian and offering protection. This ties up with Revathi's vedic deity 'Pushan' who is known for being a protector, guardian and offering guidance.
Combined Deities
Ayyappa - Mentioned to be born in Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra. Ayyappa is also clearly the presiding deity of Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra. Ayyappa arose as a combined form of Shiva/Vishnu as he was born as the divine son of Lord Shiva and Mohini who is the female avatar of Lord Vishnu
Dattatreya - Mentioned to be born in Revathi Nakshatra. Ayyappa is also clearly the presiding deity of Uttara Phalguni Nakshatra. Dattatreya is however not specifically assigned as the presiding deity of any Nakshatra. Lord Dattatreya is a combined incarnation of the Trimurthies - Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva
Gayatri Devi - Mentioned to be connected with Hastha Nakshatra as she is also reflected by the name of Savitar who is the Vedic Solar deity of Hastha and Gayatri also goes by the name of Savitri. Goddess Gayathri Devi is the personification of the Gayathri Mantra and represents the collective divine energy of the Tridevis viz Saraswathi, Lakshmi and Parvathi.
Nakshatra Deities associated with the 5 elements:
The holy text of Kumara Swamiyam provides only 3 of the elements to be deities of a particular Nakshatras which are Fire, Air and Water. Regarding the elements of Earth and Ether, they don't standalone preside any of the 27 Nakshatras. However considering that each of the elements are particularly associated with a specific Shiva temple, we will try to chalk out the most plausible option of all the 5 elements connected with a specific Nakshatra.
Fire or Agni - The Fire element is linked with Arunachaleswarar Temple located in Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu. Also it is clearly mentioned that Krithika Nakshatra is ruled by Fire God or Agni. Hence Fire element is mainly associated with Krithika Nakshatra
Air or Vayu - The Air element is linked with Srikalahasteeswara Temple located in Srikalahasti, Andhra Pradesh. The Devata of Swathi is said to be Vayu whereas the Adi Devata of Anuradha is also said to be Vayu. But since for Swathi, the presiding deity is clearly laid out as Goddess Mahalakshmi, Air element is to be associated with Anuradha Nakshatra
Water or Jala - The Water element is linked with Jambukeswarar Temple located in Thiruvanaikaval, Tamil Nadu. The Nakshatra linked to the water element happens to be Poorva Ashada since the
Devata and Adi Devata of Poorva Ashada Nakshatra are said to be Apah & Varuna respectively both which are connected to the waters. There is also a reference of Varuna as Vedic deity for Shatabisha Nakshatra but since Yama Dharmaraj is provided as the presiding deity for Shatabisha, the water element Nakshatra is exclusively connected to Poorva Ashada.
Earth or Prithvi - The Earth element is linked with Ekambareswarar Temple located in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu. It should be noted that there is no Nakshatra which is exclusively said to be ruled by the Earth God as presiding deity. However one of the Nakshatras which can be a close contender representing the Earth element happens to be Uttara Phalguni. This is because the major annual festival of the temple takes place in the solar month of Panguni when Uttara Phalguni is transiting in the sky. Since there is significant worship of the Prithvi Lingam during Panguni Uthiram at Ekambareswarar, we can consider Uttara Phalguni as the Nakshatra predominantly connected to Earth element.
Ether or Akash - The Ether element is linked with Thillai Nataraja Temple located in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu. It should be noted that there is no Nakshatra which is exclusively said to be ruled by the Ether or Sky God as presiding deity. However similar to Earth when considering temple traditions, the Arudra Darshan or the cosmic dance festival happens during Arudra Nakshatra in the solar month of Margazhi. The name itself connotes Arudra also known as 'Thiruvadirai' and is deeply associated with Chidambaram Nataraja with Shiva's cosmic dance being celebrated widely. We also know that the presiding deity of Arudra by itself is Rudra. So all pointers route to Arudra being the centralized Nakshatra for the Ether element
Summarizing the Elements with the Temple and respective Nakshatra association
Earth -> Ekambareshwarar, Kanchipuram -> Uttara Phalguni or Uthiram (Derived)
Water -> Jambukeshwarar, Thiruvanaikaval -> Poorva Ashada or Pooradam
Fire -> Arunachaleshwarar, Thiruvannamalai -> Krithika or Karthigai
Air -> Sri Kalahastheshwarar, Kalahasti -> Anuradha or Anusham
Ether -> Thilai Natarajar, Chidambaram -> Arudra or Tiruvadirai (Derived)
Note: The Nakshatra of Dhanishta or Avittam is said to be ruled by the 8 Vasus holding a mixture of all the 5 elements plus Sun, Moon and Nakshatras as a whole but however it does not independently rule any singular element.
Rasi of the 12 Jyotirlingas
Jyotirlingas are said to be sacred shrines representing Lord Shiva. As we saw the 5 elements being linked to 5 specific Shiva temples located in the South of India, on similar lines there are 12 Jyotirlingas which happen to be extremely auspicious where Lord Shiva is said to have manifested as an infinite pillar of light. Since there are specifically 12 sacrosanct divine Shiva Lingas and there are 12 rasis in the zodiac, one of each of the Jyotirlingas is assigned to a specific zodiac sign. This does not have a direct Nakshatra correlation but there is a rasi associated with each of them which is listed below:
Rameshwaram - Aries
Somnath - Taurus
Nageshwar - Gemini
Omkareshwar - Cancer
Vaidyanath - Leo
Mallikarjun - Virgo
Mahakaleshwar - Libra
Dhooshaneshwar - Scorpio
Kasi Vishwanath - Sagittarius
Bhimashankar - Capricorn
Kedarnath - Aquarius
Tryambakeshwar - Pisces
Nakshatra Deities associated with the 9 Navagrahas
Coming to Navagrahas, only 5 of the Navagrahas are given deity rulership of Nakshatras. They are Sun, Moon, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn. For the remaining 4 namely Mars, Mercury, Rahu & Ketu specific deity lordship is not been provided. However we can still assign few Naksharas as secondary deities for the Navagrahas who are not given exclusive deity rulership. Listing down below the Navagrahas and their respective Nakshatra in which they happen to be the deity.
Sun - Hastha or Hastham
Moon - Mrigashira or Mrigasheerisham
Jupiter - Pushya or Poosam
Venus - Magha or Magam
Saturn - Revathi
Mars - Uttara Ashada or Uthiradam (Derived)
Mercury - Dhanishta or Avittam (Derived)
Rahu - Bharani (Derived)
Ketu - Ashlesha or Ayilyam (Derived)
Saptha Matrikas
The Saptha Matrikas or the Saptha Kannis as they are called are considered to be 7 divine mother forms of Goddesses. They are said to be the shakti version of honorable Gods and said to exhibit a motherly form and worshipped together as a whole. We can derive their Nakshatras based on the form of God of whose they have obtained the Shakti. Listed below are the Saptha Matrikas and their connected Nakshatras
Brahmi - Shakti of Brahma - Rohini
Maheshwari - Shakti of Shiva - Thiruvadirai / Aarudra
Vaishnavi or Narayani - Shakti of Vishnu - Tiruvonam / Shravana
Kaumari - Shakti of Murugan - Visagam / Vishakha
Varahi - Shakti of Varaha - Kettai / Jyeshta
Indrani - Shakti of Indra - Avittam / Dhanishta (Though Indra is associated with Kettai / Jyeshta, there is specific Adi Devata given as Indrani for Avittam / Dhanishta, hence that should be considered)
Chamundi - Shakti of Kali - Moola / Moolam
Note: In alternative descriptions, Pratyangira or Narasimhi which is the Shakti of Lord Narasimha is considered instead of Chamundi. Thus for Pratyangira, Swati can be considered in connection to Narasimha. In some cases there is also reference of Ashta Matrikas including Vinayaki obtaining the shakti of Lord Vinayaka which should be linked to Uthiradam or Uttara Ashada Nakshatra since he is the presiding deity of that star.
Ashta Chiranjeevis
The Ashta Chiranjeevis are mentioned to be immortal divine figures connected to Hindu Mythology who are believed to live on earth through the ages till the end of the cosmic cycle. Lets document the Nakshatras of these perpetual deities.
Lord Hanuman - Moolam / Moola
Sage Ved Vyasa - Kettai / Jyeshta
Parashurama - Uthiram / Uttara Phalguni
Markandeya - Anusham / Anuradha
Ashwathama - Ashwini
Vibhishana - Tiruvonam / Shravana
King Mahabali - Tiruvonam / Shravana
Kripacharya - Swathi
Note: The first 6 recorded cases are said to be their respective birth Nakshatras. King Mahabali is connected to Vamana and Onam festival which is intersected with Shravana star. Regarding Kripacharya, he is linked to growth and independence thus aligning more closely with Swathi.
Navadurgas
There is also mentioned to be 9 traditional forms associated with Goddess Durga who is herself an aspect of Ma Parvathi and they are celebrated during the 9 day Navaratri festival. Goddess Durga is linked with Bharani Nakshatra and hence they all can be considered as the same since they arose from Durga only. However there are Navagrahas associated with each of them which are listed below:
Shailaputri - daughter of the mountains - Moon
Brahmacharini - the devoted ascetic - Mars
Chandraghanta - the brave protector - Venus
Kushmanda - the cosmic creator - Sun
Skandamata - the loving mother - Mercury
Katyayani- the warrior goddess - Jupiter
Kalaratri - the destroyer of fear - Saturn
Mahagauri - the serene and pure - Rahu
Siddhidatri - the giver of perfection - Ketu
On the 10th day, Goddess Durga is celebrated as the ultimate unified form of Maha Durga or Mahishasura Mardini who represents the entire Zodiac or Ascendant. This universal form alone can also depict the Nakshatra of Krithika in addition to Bharani as here she is 'Agni Durga' born from the Tejas or fiery radiance of all gods as we know clearly that the fire element is the ruler of Krithika.
Dasa Mahavidyas
The Dasa Mahavidyas or Ten Goddesses are said to be 10 aspects of the Devi or divine mother. Maha translates to great or ultimate and Vidya can be equated to wisdom / knowledge. They are said to possess qualities of all the 3 Tridevis viz Parvathi, Lakshmi and Saraswati. These 10 Goddesses do not have a particular birth star but are said to be ruled by a Navagraha and have a manifestation Tithi which is documented below:
Kali - Bhadrapada Krishna Ashtami - Saturn
Tara - Chaitra Shukla Navami - Jupiter
Tripura Sundari - Magha Shukla Purnima - Mercury
Bhuvaneshwari - Bhadrapada Shukla Dwadashi - Moon
Bhairavi - Margashirsha Shukla Purnima - Ascendant/All Navagrahas
Chinnamasta - Vaishakha Shukla Chaturdashi - Rahu
Dhumavati - Jyeshta Shukla Ashtami - Ketu
Bagalamuhi - Vaishakha Shukla Ashtami - Mars
Matangi - Vaishakha Shukla Tritiya - Sun
Kamala - Karthika Krishna Ammavasya - Venus
Note: It would be interesting to note that some of the Mahavidyas themselves have further bifurcations into different forms. For instance Tripura Sundari has a child form known as Bala Tripura Sundari, an adolescent form known as Shodasi Tripura Sundari and a supreme form known as Lalitha Tripura Sundari or Shri Rajarajeshwari - the Queen of Queens. The child form 'Bala Tripura Sundari' alone has a manifestation Nakshatra as Anusham or Anuradha with Bala Jayanthi being celebrated in the tamil month of Vaikasi equating to the Malayalam month of Edavam. Additionally, Annapoorani Devi or Annapoorna is the Hindu Goddess of food, nourishment and abundance who is believed to be a manifestation of Goddess Parvathi. As per Srividya tradition, she is also regarded as an attendant or foundational aspect of Maha Lalitha Tripura Sundari. Annapoorna doesn't have a manifestation Nakshatra but Annapoorna Jayanthi is celebrated on full moon of Margashira lunar month Purnima. In Bengal, they have the concept of Dwadasha Mahavidyas with Annapoorna Devi and Durga Devi added additionally to the above 10 mentioned Dasa Mahavidyas. Among the Dasa Mahavidyas, Tripura Sundari is considered as the foremost and highest aspect of Mahadevi and primary goddess of Srividya Tradition. Many of the Devis like Kamakshi, Kamakhya etc are a representation of her energy and fundamentally considered to be one and the same. The Lalitha Sahasranamam consists of 1000 unique names of the Goddess and is said to have been composed by 8 Vak Devis (Goddesses of Speech and Expression) - Vasini, Kameshvari, Aruna, Vimala, Jayani, Modini, Sarveshvari, and Kaulini based upon the explicit command of Goddess Lalitha Tripura Sundari herself. The Lalitha Sahasranamam is originally presented as a dialogue where Lord Hayagriva teaches the text to Sage Agasthya and it happens to be one of the most chanted sacred texts within Hinduism.
Other Forms of Devis
Devis are considered as divine feminine forms arising as expressions of the ultimate cosmic energy of Adi Parashakti. They have the qualities of all the 3 Tri Devis - Lakshmi, Parvathi and Saraswathi and its hard to single them out as a singular aspect of a particular Goddess. It wouldn't be appropriate to categorize them as under one particular Nakshatra. However if they have more of Lakshmi traits, then can be linked to Swathi, if features are more relatable to Parvathi then Pooram or Poorva Phalguni is the likely reckoner and if there is a more noticeable Saraswathi characterization, then Ashwini is the most likely. When they exhibit motherly characteristics, then Punarpoosam or Punarvasu has to be invoked as its ruled by Aditi, the divine mother. When they are predominantly of a fierce nature which in essence is about unleashing and destroying ego, then Moola Nakshatra can be considered as its ruled by Nirriti or Alakshmi or Jyeshta Devi or even Daridra Devi considered as the elder sister of Lakshmi and known as the goddess of destruction and uprooting illusions. In a similar way they can be associated with any Nakshatra based upon the prevailing theme associated with that Nakshatra. Listed below are some popular forms of Devis which get categorized under various lists. Mentioning only if there happens to be a temple tradition or mythological story involved that they manifested under a particular Nakshatra.
Meenakshi - Manifested in the Tamil month of Thai under the Nakshatra of Magam or Magha. Madurai Meenakshi is her famous abode
Kamakshi - Manifested in the Tamil month of Aippasi under the Nakshatra of Pooram or Poorva Phalguni. Kanchi Kamakshi happens to be most decorated abode
Visalakshi - No birth information available, can be considered under Pooram or Poorva Phalguni since that's the star in which Parvathi holds deity ship and Visalakshi is largely an aspect of Ma Parvathi. Kasi Visalakshi happens to be most famous abode
Akilandeshwari - She is considered the Goddess of Water and hence linked to the Nakshatra of Pooradam or Poorva Ashada. Thiruvanaikaval Akilandeshwari associated with the Jambukeshwara temple is her most sacred abode
Bagavathy - Linked mainly to Pooram or Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra since the Attukala Pongal festival takes place in the Malayalam month of Kumbham equated to Tamil month of Masi with the primary peak ritual taking place on this Nakshatra also aligned with the full moon. Attukal Bagavathy is her most consecrated abode and she is also called by the name of Kannagi
Mookambigai - Linked mainly to Moola Nakshatra since Mookambika Jayanthi falls in the Tamil/Malayalam month of Panguni/Meenam aligned with lunar month of Phalguna in Krishna Paksha when Moola Nakshatra is in operation. This also correlates to the birth star of Goddess Saraswati and Mookambigai is largely associated with her traits. Her prominent abode is Kollur Mookambikai.
Sharadambal - No birth information available but can be considered under Moola Nakshatra since she is celebrated mainly as an Avatar of Goddess Saraswathi whose birth star happens to be Moola. Shringeri Sharadambal is her revered abode of worship
Kamalambal - Linked mainly to Pooram or Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra since that's when the main procession of the Goddess takes place during the tamil month of Aadi. Thiruvarur Kamalambal happens to be her holy abode.
Karpagambal - Linked mainly to Pooram or Poorva Phalguni Nakshatra since Aadi Pooram Mahotsavam honouring the Goddess takes place during the tamil month of Aadi. Mylai Karpagambal happens to be her holy abode.
Note: Madurai Meenakshi, Kanchi Kamakshi and Kashi Visalakshi are collectively considered as the Shakti Trinity or Divine Triad. They are symbolically referred to as the Divine Trivenis of Akshies as the common thread in each of their names is "Akshi" which means eyes. They represent 3 principal manifestations of Adi Shakti or the 3 eyes of the divine mother with Kamakshi representing Ichcha Shakti (power of will and desire), Meenakshi representing Kriya Shakti (power of action and vigilance) and Visalakshi representing Gnana Shakti (power of knowledge and wisdom). From a Tamil Nadu perspective Meenakshi, Kamakshi and Akilandeshwari form the Tri Shakti triad as they are located within Tamil Nadu and considered as the most prominent abodes of Goddess worship within the state. Akilandeshwari is split as 'Akila' meaning universe, 'Anda' meaning ruling and 'Eshwari' meaning divine mother thus equating to her as the divine mother who rules the entire universe. Essentially all 4 of Meenakshi, Kamakshi, Visalakshi and Akilandeshwari can be considered as different forms of the Goddess Tripura Sundari. There is also a fairly recent concept associating nine of the Devi forms under the umbrella of "Nava Ksetra Nivasinis" consisting of Madurai Meenakshi, Kanchi Kamakshi, Kashi Visalakshi, Mylai Karpagambal, Thiruvarur Kamalambal, Shringeri Sharadamba, Kollur Mookambigai, Attukal Bhagavathy and Kolhapur Mahalakshmi. There are many more number of Devis listed out as part of the Shakti Peethas. The Shakti Peethas are categorized separately with 4 considered as the original and eternal Adi Shakti Peethas, 18 being considered as Maha Shakti Peethas as detailed out by Adi Shankaracharya and 51 being the traditional Shakti Peethas based upon different body parts severed of Sati. Kamarupa Devi or Kamakhya as its popularly known which is located at Guwahati in the state of Assam attains prominent significance as it is the only Devi which is part of the 4 Adi Shakti Peethas, 18 Maha Shakti Peethas and the 51 Primary Shakti Peethas. The 4, 18, 51 are the noticeably well listed Peethas but however there are sources such as the Brahmanda Purana listing out 64 Shakti Peethas and the Devi Bhagavata Purana mentioning 108 Shakti Peethas. The 64 Shakti Peethas however should not be confused with the 64 Yoginis referred as Chausath Yoginis where divine entities are worshipped within Tantra traditions. The Yoginis also emit aspects of Adi Shakti and of a feminine energy lording the cosmic ecosystem.
