Divisions of Time in a Day

There are different ways in which a day is reckoned as per the Hindu calendar when compared to the conventional system which is used for all practical purposes. As per normal wisdom it is generally perceived and believed that a day commences at the stroke of midnight right at the dot of 12 AM at any part of the world and runs up till the next day when 24 hours passes paving the way for the next day to begin. This is evident with new year celebrations being held right at the stroke of 12 AM and even while wishing people Birthdays, there is a notion to wish them right on the money when the clock hits 12 AM. Even India is said to have obtained Independence right at the stroke of midnight at the mark of 12 AM when the date moved to 15th August 1947.

Having said all this, the interesting thing to note is that based on Hinduism there is a sea of difference when it comes to how a day is to be reckoned. For a Hindu day, the guiding reference point happens to be the time of Sunrise and a day is said to commence from sunrise until the next day of sunrise when the next day is said to commence. Because the sunrise time holds fort, one would see different places recording different times of start and end when reckoning a day. Even coming to general logic, in many of the calendars one would see a start time of 6 AM igniting the start of the day as it happens to be the closest approximate ball park time when sunrise is said to occur across India and most other countries. However to be exact and when fixing the time for important events, only sunrise time needs to be taken and 6AM should be considered just for ease of use and as an approximate calculation. Thus, there is a clear head and shoulders difference of at least 6 hours when a day is reckoned as per practical norms (12 AM) and when considering the time for fixing and calculating auspicious time intervals (6AM) as per the Hindu system. 

Before delving into the different time divisions as per the Hindu system, let us briefly look into the different time horizons popular in the western world. These are not exactly defined but generally tends to be followed. On a larger framework, a day tends to be divided into 3 parts viz Morning, Afternoon and Evening. Morning is said to run from Midnight (12AM) until Midday (12PM) followed by a 6 hour slot for Afternoon running from 12PM to 6PM and the remaining 6 hours of the day namely from 6PM to 12AM being the time of Evening. This can be extended into 7 zones with the ending period being given separate names with 12AM being classified as Midnight, 12PM called as Midday, 6AM or around sunrise termed as Dawn and around 6PM or sunset being classified as Dusk. This can again be classified into 14 parts with Afternoon comprising of Early Afternoon, Mid Afternoon and Late Afternoon, Evening consisting of Early Evening, Mid Evening, Late evening and entire Morning portion which runs from 12AM to 12PM being classified as Late Night, Early Morning, Mid Morning and Late Morning and on top of that we have the 4 markers of Midday, Midnight, Dawn and Dusk. Sometimes it is also believed that the split of the day which is divided into 3 viz Morning, Afternoon and Evening can actually be split as 4 with equal windows for Morning, Afternoon, Evening and also a Night portion included from 12AM to 6PM. 

Let's now look at the various time divisions in a day which are prevalent in the Indian system

2 part time division: (1 in day and 1 in night)
As mentioned earlier, the constitution of a Hindu or Vedic day runs from the commencement of sunrise until the next sunrise. The entire day from Sunrise to next day Sunrise is divided into 2 portions viz the part from Sunrise to Sunset and from Sunset to next day Sunrise. The former is known as day time and the latter is known as night time. The time duration may not be equal for both but for an equal day and night portion in a day, it can be said to comprise of 12 hours each with sunrise portion running from 6AM to 6PM and Sunset portion from 6PM to 6AM of next day.

4 part time division: (2 in day and 2 in night)
As per Tamil timekeeping, dividing the day into 4 portions is called as 'Naal Naanku Kaalam' translating to four periods of the day. They are classified as under:
1) Kaalaiyil (Morning): 6 AM to 12 PM
2) Mathiyil (Afternoon): 12 PM to 6 AM
3) Maalai (Evening): 6 PM to 12 AM
4) Iravu (Night): 12 PM to 6 AM

6 part time division: (3 in day and 3 in night)
As per Tamil tradition, an entire day happens to be divided into 6 periods ('Pozhudhugal') with 3 of the periods being during day time and 3 of the periods occurring during night time. The classification is as given below:
1) Kaalai (Morning): 6 AM to 10 AM
2) Nanpagazh (Noon): 10 AM to 2 PM
3) Yerpaadu (Afternoon): 2 PM to 6 PM
4) Maalai (Evening): 6 PM to 10 PM
5) Yamam (Night): 10 PM to 2 AM
6) Vaigarai (Dawn): 2 AM to 6 AM

Coming to Astrology treatise, as per the age old classic "Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra", one of the features in ascertaining the six fold strength of planets is through the rule of Tribhagha Bala where day and night is said to be divided into 3 equal parts with specific planets gaining strength accordingly based on the time of birth. The information of the same is shared below:
Day Time First Part: 6 AM to 10 AM - Mercury becomes strong
Day Time Second Part: 10 AM to 2 PM - Sun becomes strong
Day Time Third Part: 2 PM to 6 PM - Saturn becomes strong
Night Time First Part: 6 PM to 10 PM - Moon becomes strong
Night Time Second Part: 10 PM to 2 AM - Venus becomes strong
Night Time Third Part: 2 AM to 6 AM - Mars becomes strong
Jupiter is always said to be strong at any point of the day or night. Also as per one tradition, it is said that Jupiter is the torchbearer of the Panchang element of 'Vara' which makes perfect sense based on its assertion that it's always strong irrespective of whether birth takes place during day time or night time.

8 part time division: (4 in day and 4 in night)
There is another time division which divides an entire day into 8 parts allotting 4 parts to the day and 4 parts to the night. This is called 'Prahara' which is a Sanskrit term for unit of time. The first Prahara is said to begin at Sunrise and the 4th Prahara is said to end when Sunset begins. Likewise the 5th Prahara starts when Sunset begins and the last Prahara ends with the completion of Sunset leading to Sunrise of the next day.  The names of the Praharas and the time slot of approximately 3 hours each is listed below
1) Purvaanha (Day): 6 AM to 9 AM
2) Madhyaanha (Day): 9 AM to 12 PM
3) Aparaanha (Day): 12 PM to 3 PM
4) Saayankaala (Day): 3 PM to 6 PM
5) Pradosha (Night): 6 PM to 9 PM
6) Nishitha (Night): 9 PM to 12 AM
7) Triyaama (Night): 12 AM to 3 AM
8) Usha (Night): 3 AM to 6 AM

10 part time division: (5 in day and 5 in night)
Somewhat similar to Prahara, there is another sub division as per the Hindu calendar which divides both the day time hours and night time hours into 5 equal parts. For an equal day and night, this would equate to 2 hours 24 minutes each. The names of it is given below
1) Prata (Day): 6 AM to 8:24 AM
2) Sangava (Day): 8:24 AM to 10:48 AM
3) Madhyahna (Day): 10:48 AM to 1:12 PM
4) Aparaanha (Day): 1:12 PM to 3:36 PM
5) Sayana (Day): 3:36 PM to 6 PM
6) Pradosha (Night): 6 PM to 8:24 PM
7) Ratri (Night): 8:24 PM to 10:48 PM
8) Madhya Ratri (Night): 10:48 PM to 1:12 AM
9) Apa Ratri (Night): 1:12 AM to 3:36 AM
10) Prata Sandhya (Night): 3:36 AM to 6 AM

Also, as per ancient tamil literature, there is a system called as 'Pancha Pakshi' where Pancha means the number '5' and Pakshi means 'Bird'. It is believed that the 5 elements of Air, Fire, Water, Earth and Ether are represented by these birds and each of these birds Vulture, Owl, Crow, Cock and Peacock performs an activity for the 2 hours and 24 minutes allotted which includes Eating, Walking, Ruling, Sleeping and Dying. The method of splitting the day time and night time into 5 parts is termed as 'Yama'.
For more detailed discourse on Pancha Pakshi Shastra, one can refer to the below link:
https://tuningmymelody.blogspot.com/2019/04/time-technique-of-pancha-pakshi-shastra.html?m=0

16 part time division: (8 in day and 8 in night)
This classification of time is of prime importance as it's actually used for decoding auspicious and inauspicious time slots within a day. There are three different methodologies which is earmarked in the calculation of the definition of time.

Kala Vela: This is used to mark the designated time zones by each of the 7 planets viz Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn. There are 8 periods of about 1 hour and 30 minutes each within Sunrise and Sunset but only 7 planets to be assigned. Hence the extra portion is considered to be headless and a blank or Lordless portion is assigned to it. There is however a thought process given to mention it as Rahu but that portion is not necessarily the time period for 'Rahu Kalam' and hence should not be confused. The time period ruled by Jupiter and Saturn are said to be Yama Ghanta Kala and Gulika Kala respectively which is used in ascertaining time slots for activities.

Gowri Panchanga: This is used especially in Tamil Nadu especially to delineate important activities to be performed based on allotting the time slots into 8 each for sunrise and sunset. Here the 8 parts are assigned to the 7 planets Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn and the 8th portion is given specifically to Rahu and that forms the basis for Rahu Kalam which is used quite extensively as a period to avoid in the South especially while performing auspicious tasks.

Chogadiya: This is again kind of similar to Gowri Panchanga but sticks to only 7 planets excluding Rahu and there is also no blank portion as given by Kala Vela. This is used like a Muhurtha timing in the North of India and the 8th portion within Sunrise again happens to be the planet ruling the first portion and the sequence follows in similar vein across the whole day.

It should be noted that the calculation differs for all of Kala Vela, Gowri Panchanga and Chogadiya depending upon the weekday in operation. A detailed exposition listing out the uses and it's calculation has been laid out below in this link:
https://tuningmymelody.blogspot.com/2019/11/the-8-unit-division-of-time-cycle-kala.html?m=0

24 part time division: (24 in entire day from Sunrise to next day Sunrise)
This concept is called as 'Hora' which divides the entire day from Sunrise to next day Sunrise allotting one hour each for all 7 planets viz Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn. The day always starts with the Hora ruling the day viz Sun for Sunday, Moon for Monday, Mars for Tuesday, Mercury for Wednesday, Jupiter for Thursday, Venus for Friday and Saturn for Saturday. There is a debate however whether this needs to be split as 12 each for Sunrise and Sunset respectively but it does not really serve the element of 'Hora' which technically means Hour or 60 minutes. If Sunrise time happens to be let's say 13 hours and Sunset only 11 hours, then almost 65 minutes will be assigned for a planet during day time and only 55 minutes during night time. It defeats the very existence of the name 'Hora' and the time span between one sunrise to next sunrise is always on the ball park of 24 hours with just a minute or two adjusted here or there which makes one hour for a planet being assigned far more weight age. The Hora gets calculated in the order of the most slowest planet to the most fastest planet which goes in the form of Saturn -> Jupiter -> Mars -> Sun -> Venus -> Mercury -> Moon.

A more detailed explanation of the concept of Hora and how it's calculation is obtained is available on the below link:
https://tuningmymelody.blogspot.com/2019/04/timing-events-with-gowri-panchanga-and.html?m=0

30 part time division: (15 in day and 15 in night)
This is termed as 'Muhurta' and is of utmost importance when fixing time for various events. There are 30 Muhurta's in a day with 15 being part of day time and the remaining 15 considered during night time. 'Muhurta' is a Hindu unit of time and denotes a division of a period of 1/30th of a day which is roughly 48 minutes each. Each Muhurta is said to further break into smaller units of time such as 1 Muhurta of 48 minutes can be segregated into 30 Kalas (1 Kala = 1.6 Minutes or 96 seconds) and each Kala can be further bifurcated into 30 Kashtas (1 Kashta = 3.2 seconds). The list of all Muhurta's and their timing of operation for an equal day & night is listed below.
1) Rudra: 6.00 AM to 6:48 AM
2) Ahi: 6:48 AM to 7:36 AM
3) Mitra: 7:36 AM to 8:24 AM
4) Pitr: 8:24 AM to 9:12 AM
5) Vasu: 9:12 AM to 10:00 AM
6) Varaha: 10:00 AM to 10:48 AM
7) Viswadeva: 10:00 AM to 11:36 AM
8) Vidhi: 11:36 AM to 12:24 PM
9) Sutamukhi: 12:24 PM to 1:12 PM
10) Puruhuta: 1:12 PM to 2:00 PM
11) Vahini: 2:00 PM to 2:48 PM
12) Naktanakara: 2:48 PM to 3:36 PM
13) Varuna: 3:36 PM to 4:24 PM
14) Aryaman: 4:24 PM to 5:12 PM
15) Bhaga: 5:12 PM to 6:00 PM
16) Girisa: 6:00 PM to 6:48 PM
17) Ajapada: 6:48 PM to 7:36 PM
18) Ahir Budhanya: 7:36 PM to 8:24 PM
19) Pushya: 8:24 PM to 9:12 PM
20) Ashwini: 9:12 PM to 10:00 PM
21) Yama: 10:00 PM to 10:48 PM
22) Agni: 10:48 PM to 11:36 PM
23) Vidhatr: 11:36 PM to 12:24 AM
24) Kanda: 12:24 AM to 1:12 AM
25) Aditi: 1:12 AM to 2:00 AM
26) Jeeva: 2:00 AM to 2:48 AM
27) Vishnu: 2:48 AM to 3:36 AM
28) Dyumadgadyuti: 3:36 AM to 4:24 AM
29) Brahma: 4:24 AM to 5:12 AM
30) Samudra: 5:12 AM to 6:00 AM

60 part time division: (60 in entire day from Sunrise to next day Sunrise)
Like how 24 hours constitutes a day, as per Hindu division each of 24 minutes are termed as 'Ghati' running from Sunrise till the next day Sunrise. There is no separate name available for every Ghati or and it's usually a unit of time. If a day from sunrise to next day sunrise exceeds or falls mildly short of 24 hours, then the Ghati is adjusted accordingly but in general a Ghati is said to constitute 24 minutes. In the olden days, horoscopes were written to decode the time based on Ghati's and Vighati's (60 Vighati's is 1 Ghati) elapsed as compared to the procedure today when the exact time is mentioned. Like Hora which is said to be an hour of time running across Sunrise to next day Sunrise, similarly Ghati comprises of 60 components with a running time of 24 minutes each. However it should be noted that for the calculation of Mandi alone, Ghati needs to be divided as 30 each in the period of Sunrise and Sunset as the formula for computation is clearly elucidated in the astrological work 'Uttara Kalamrita' written by Sage Kalidas which mentions that Mandi is said to rise accordingly in a day based on the Ghati's elapsed during day time and night time. It is also to be noted that this will always fall somewhere in the middle of the portion assigned to Saturn in the Kala Vela calculation viz Gulika Kala.
Sunday - 26 Ghatikas after sun rise, 10 Ghatikas after sun set
Monday - 22 Ghatikas after sun rise, 6 Ghatikas after sun set
Tuesday - 18 Ghatikas after sun rise, 2 Ghatikas after sun set
Wednesday - 14 Ghatikas after sun rise, 26 Ghatikas after sun set
Thursday - 10 Ghatikas after sun rise, 22 Ghatikas after sun set
Friday - 6 Ghatikas after sun rise, 18 Ghatikas after sun set
Saturday - 2 Ghatikas after sun rise, 14 Ghatikas after sun set

There is even a consideration to divide a day into 32 parts each for day and night so as to blend well with it being a multiple of 8 as a 'Yamardha' is technically said to be an eighth part of a day. This would equate well with the division of Kala Vela which divides the day and night into 8 equal parts and the Mandi will fall exactly in the middle of the Saturn's portion assigned as Gulika Kala. However it doesn't make complete sense as a day is said to be comprising of 60 Ghatika's only and 64 (32 each for day and night) is used just for ease of use and get the exact middle point. Irrespective Mandi will always fall only in the period of Gulika in and around the middle portion. For more information regarding the calculation of Gulika and Mandi, the below link can be referred.
https://tuningmymelody.blogspot.com/2018/09/ascertaining-gulika-and-mandi-in.html

Note: It should be noted that 'Ghati' is also known alternatively as Ghatika, Nazhika, Pala etc and is known as a unit of time equal to one sixtieth of a day. Also all the times mentioned above is based on the fact that Sunrise begins at 6:00 AM and Sunset at 6:00 PM. The computation of different facets of time should be factored based upon the actual sunrise time and not standard 6:00 AM. It is not expected to remember all the different units of time however remembering some of the important time dimensions can be helpful such as decoding Yama Ghanta Kala and Gulika Kala which occurs based on 'Kala Vela' computation, Rahu Kalam which arises based upon 'Gowri Panchanga', knowing time of Hora and Muhurta in operation can also be helpful but however can always be checked from an Almanac. It would however be good to know the Sunrise and Sunset timings each day of the particular place one is residing as that forms the crux for majority of the time divisions.

Information and Results pertaining to different Tithis of Panchanga

Tithi - A Limb of Panchanga
A Tithi happens to be one of the core elements of the five limbed Panchanga. A Tithi occurs based on the angular distance that is created between the Sun & Moon as they revolve around the zodiac belt of 360°. Every 12 degrees of movement by the Moon away from the Sun gives rise to a Tithi and hence there are 30 Tithis (360°/12) in total with 15 being part of the brighter half or what is known as Shukla Paksha and the latter 15 being part of the darker half or Krishna Paksha. For counting purposes we normally consider it like there are 15 Tithis in total much like there are 7 Varas, 27 Nakshatras, 27 Yogas and 11 Karanas.

Tithi and Prosperity
It is said that Knowledge of Tithi brings prosperity. There is also the popular saying stating 'Tithiyai Pidicha Vidhiyai Vellalam' which translates as one who catches hold of their Tithi can even conquer their destiny. Hence Tithi has a very important hold with regard to a Horoscope and is much more than just being used for Muhurtha purposes or celebrating the auspicious events of deities such as Krishna Ashtami or Rama Navami etc.

Tithi and Destiny
It is also believed that Tithi is inherently connected to one's past life and the Tithi one is born with is correlated with the paava punyam or merits / sins from previous birth and accordingly the Tithi is the one that determines the destiny for an individual in this lifetime. Each of the Tithis barring the 15th Tithi of Pournima/Ammavasya are impacted by 2 or more Rasis being cursed leaning to the concept of Tithi Shoonya or Daghda Rasi which indicates certain dark spots in a particular area for an individual horoscope. However there is a saying that only one out of two rasis gets the tag of shoonya rasi (except Chaturdashi Tithi where 2 out of 4 get impacted) based on whether birth takes place in brighter half or darker half. The general understanding is that the first rasi becomes shoonya as per Kala Purusha order for a Shukla Paksha birth and the second rasi becomes shoonya as per Kala Purusha order for a Krishna Paksha birth. This holds good in most cases except for Tithis 3,4 and 7. Apart from Tithi Shoonya Rasis, there are also cases of Lagnas (Ascendant), Nakshatras (Asterism) and Masa (Lunar month) which become Shoonya when arising with certain Tithis which are dispensed below. These concepts are largely used for purpose of fixing Muhurthas.

Tithi Deities
Each of the Tithis also happen to be ruled by a particular deity apart from a Devi assigned to each of them yearning towards prosperity. It is believed that offering prayers to the Nitya Devi linked to the Tithi in which one attains birth helps in granting wealth and prosperity. There is also a type of Ganapathi or Lord Ganesh associated with each of the Tithis and worship of the said type of Ganapathi helps in removing obstacles.

Tithi and the Venus Connection
Tithi mainly connotes the Tamil words 'Selvam' and 'Magizhchi' which is all about happiness, pleasures, delights, earning wealth and desiring prosperity. Since all these undertakings generally come within the ambit of Venusian qualities, a Tithi broadly is said to be under the control of the planet Venus and ruled by the water element.

Tithi - Benefic and Malefic
In general parlance as per Sage Parashara, Moon is classified as Natural Benefic or Natural Malefic based on whether it is under waxing phase (Shukla Paksha) or waning phase (Krishna Paksha) respectively. There are some authorities however stating that Moon is beneficial after it crosses a specific Tithi in the second half of the brighter phase and continues to be favorable till around the mid of the darker phase where it again becomes malefic as it reaches towards Ammavasya and even beyond that into the first half of the brighter phase as Moon is still in rather close conjunction with the Sun. However when it comes to auspiciousness of Tithi, it is categorized into Auspicious, Mixed and Inauspicious based on its proximity with the Sun.

Tithi Groupings
Tithis are also categorised into 5 kind of groupings viz Nanda, Bhadra, Jaya, Rikta and Poorna as per the text 'Kalaprakasika'. The groupings resonate with a particular planet based on the meaning of the terms. This however should not be construed as if the Tithi is lorded by the particular planet but more in line with a group of Tithis relating to the characteristic of a particular planet.

Nanda - 1st, 6th and 11th Tithi. Ruler Venus. Denotes joyousness and happiness
Bhadra - 2nd, 7th and 12th Tithi. Ruler Mercury. Denotes fortune and health
Jaya - 3rd, 8th and 13th Tithi. Ruler Mars. Denotes victory and triumph
Rikta - 4th, 9th and 14th Tithi. Ruler Saturn. Denotes loss and emptiness
Poorna - 5th, 10th and 15th. Ruler Jupiter. Denotes fulfillment and completeness

The Rikta Tithis in general are said to be inauspicious for any important work to be carried out and is best said to be avoided whereas the Poorna Tithis are apt for performing any religious ceremonies. Nanda Tithis invoke sense of pleasure, Bhadra is said to be friendly and Jaya competitive. Hence Tithis for an activity can be used accordingly based on the grouping. It is also said that if a Tithi and it's grouping ruler lord happens to coincide on the particular weekday or Vara, it is said to be auspicious for instance Nanda Tithi & Friday, Bhadra Tithi & Wednesday, Jaya Tithi & Tuesday, Rikta Tithi & Saturday and Poorna Tithi & Thursday.

Tithi Specifics
Kalaprakasika also categorises Tithis based on its orientation with Sunrise as seen below:

Tithi Kshaya - If a Tithi originates after the occurence of Sunrise and finishes before the start of the sunrise in the next day, it is known as Tithi Kshaya. This means that on two consecutive days of sunrise, the Tithi isn't present and denotes a decrease. Such a Tithi is said to be inauspicious and is better if one avoids performing any tasks during such a period of time.

Tithi Adhi or Tithi Vridhi - If a Tithi originates before the occurence of Sunrise and finishes only after the start of the sunrise in the next day, it is known as Tithi Vridhi. Here the Tithi is present on two consecutive days of sunrise and said to connote an increase. This is also not suitable and it is said to avoid any favorable tasks during this period of time.

Tithi Gandanta - The one last Gatika of a Poorna Tithi and the first one Gatika of a Nanda Tithi is said to denote Tithi Gandanta. It is generally better to avoid any activity during this period.

Tithi Lordship
There aren't many texts that talk about the Lordship of each of the Tithis. There is a view of following Tithi Lordship based on the weekday order such as assigning the first Tithi to Sun, second Tithi to Moon and so on till the 7th Tithi to Saturn and then 8th to Rahu and then back again with Sun ruling the 9th Tithi and then the 15th Tithi of bright half provided to Saturn and 15th of darker half given to Rahu. This methodology however does not have any sage backing.

The only Ancient text which makes a reference to Lordship of Tithis happens to be the Kerala treatise on Horary Astrology titled 'Krishneeyam' by Shree Krishna Acharya. This book has clearly delineated the rulership planet for each of the Tithis which are dispensed below. There is no exact methodology of how exactly the Tithi Lord needs to be used in a horoscope but since Tithi in essence is all about significations such as Pleasures, Desires, Relationships, Passion, Happiness, Wealth etc it makes sense to see where the Tithi Lord is placed and the house(s) it owns to approximately come to a judgement on the interest towards these matters. It will also be preferable if the Tithi Lord itself doesn't end up getting placed in a Tithi Shoonya Rasi.

Tithi Information
Listed below are information of Tithis collated from various sources for all the 15 Tithis both in the waxing and waning half

1) Pratipada / Pratamai

- Tithi Group - Nanda
- Tithi Lord - Mars
- Tithi Deity - Agni
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Kameshwari
- Tithi Ganapathi - Bala Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Durgai - Pateeswaran (Shukla Paksha) / Kuberan - Thirukattupalli (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Neyi - Ghee
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Vriddhi - Increasing
- Tithi Favorable Day - Friday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Libra ruled by Venus (Shukla Paksha) / Capricorn ruled by Saturn (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Libra, Capricorn
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Uthiradam / Uttara Ashada
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Bhadrapada
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ugadi is celebrated on this Tithi occuring in Shukla Paksha of the Lunar month of Chaitra. This day marks the beginning of the Hindu New Year as per the Shalivahana Shaka calendar. 
- Tithi General Results -
  : Generally any deed performed on this Tithi has the potential to multiply. Hence caution must be exercised and only those activities that involve growth in favorable manner needs to be performed.
  : These natives have good clarity and they think deeply while performing any task.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 7th and 10th houses get affected by Shoonya. Usually if they have good family terms, work tends to get affected and vice versa. Ideally they should never involve their spouse in their work activities.  

2) Dwitiya

- Tithi Group - Bhadra 
- Tithi Lord - Venus
- Tithi Deity - Brahma
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Bhagamalini
- Tithi Ganapathi - Taruna Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Vishwadeva - Thiruvaikavur (Shukla Paksha) / Vayu - Kalahasti (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Chakrai - Sugar
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Mangala - Auspicious, Nanmai - Beneficial
- Tithi Favorable Day - Wednesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Sagittarius ruled by Jupiter (Shukla Paksha) / Pisces ruled by Jupiter (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Anusham / Anuradha
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Shravana, Bhadrapada
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Phulera Dooj is conducted on Shukla Paksha Dwitiya in the lunar month of Phalguna which is quite popular in the Northern India region. It is associated with flowers with Holi being played with flowers as an instrument.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives are very virtuous by nature. They are usually family oriented and like to involve their members in various tasks. They also like to accumulate things out of their own efforts.
  : These people are very straight forward and believe in sticking to their words not liking to lie.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 9th and 12th houses get affected by Shoonya. Usually relationship with their dads are not great and it is better if they are not very close to their father or gurus as losses can be accumulated out of them. 

3) Tritiya

- Tithi Group - Jaya
- Tithi Lord - Mercury
- Tithi Deity - Gowri
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Nithyaklinna
- Tithi Ganapathi - Bhakti Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Chandran - Thingalur (Shukla Paksha) / Agni - Tiruvannamalai (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Pal - Milk
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Bala - Strong, Shakthi - Strength
- Tithi Favorable Day - Tuesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Capricorn ruled by Saturn (Shukla Paksha) / Leo ruled by Sun (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Capricorn, Leo
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Uthiram / Uttara Phalguni, Uthiradam / Uttara Ashada, Uttaratathi / Uttara Bhadrapada
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Shravana, Phalguna (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Akshaya Tritiya is held on Shukla Paksha Tritiya in the lunar month of Vaishakha. It is related with good luck and fortune and people are known to stock up gold and jewellery during this time.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These Tithi is said to be victorious and full of strength. Hence it is ideal for competition or when going headed for any battle
  : Any activity they take up, they ensure to put their full efforts and believe in completing it in the rightful manner. They are also usually god fearing and like visiting religious shrines.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 5th and 10th houses get affected by Shoonya. Any support by Fathers towards their children tend to not work in their favour.

4) Chaturthi

- Tithi Group - Riktha
- Tithi Lord - Moon
- Tithi Deity - Ganesh
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Bherunda
- Tithi Ganapathi - Veera Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Vinayaka - Pillayar Petti (Shukla Paksha) / Sukran - Kanchanur (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Pazham - Fruit
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Khala - Cruel, Thadaigal - Obstacle
- Tithi Favorable Day - Saturday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Aquarius ruled by Saturn (Shukla Paksha) / Taurus ruled by Venus (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Pushya, Phalguna (only for Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Sankashti Chaturthi also known as Sankatahara Chaturthi falls on the fourth day of Krishna Paksha in every Lunar month. This Tithi is dedicated to Lord Ganesha where devotees observe fast. If this Sankashti Chaturthi specifically happens to fall on a Tuesday, then it is known as Angaraki Sankashti Chaturthi which is considered to be specially auspicious. There is a belief that prayers offered and performing fast on this day will enable wishes to be fulfilled. Also Ganesh Chaturthi or Vinayak Chaturthi is celebrated on the Chaturthi Tithi occuring in the waxing phase during the lunar month of Bhadrapada.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi like to travel a lot and keep frequenting on journeys.
  : They like to be adored and enjoy keeping friendship with many people. They also have the tendency of doing multiple jobs at the same time.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 2nd and 11th houses get affected by Shoonya. They are generally not well respected and should ensure to safeguard themselves.

5) Panchami 

- Tithi Group - Poorna
- Tithi Lord - Sun
- Tithi Deity - Naga
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Vahinivasini
- Tithi Ganapathi - Shakthi Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Devendran - Penaadam (Shukla Paksha) / Guru - Alangudi (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Bakshanam - Snack
- Tithi Level - Inauspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Auspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Lakshmi - Prosperous, Selvam - Riches
- Tithi Favorable Day - Thursday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Gemini ruled by Mercury (Shukla Paksha) / Virgo ruled by Mercury (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Gemini, Virgo
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Magam / Magha
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Karthik (only for Krishna Paksha), Pushya, Magha (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Naga Panchami takes place on Shukla Paksha Panchami in the lunar month of Shravan. It is mainly to do with worshipping and venerating snakes. Vasanta Panchami happens on Shukla Paksha Panchami in the lunar month of Magha which is associated with celebrating Goddess Saraswathi. Vivaha Panchami is on Shukla Paksha Panchami in the lunar month of Margashira which is a festival celebrating the union of Rama and Sita.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi like doing things correctly and appropriately.
  : They like getting involved in the kitchen and take a keen interest towards cooking. They are particular with matters involving relationship, lust and tend to overthink and feel on matters deeply. 
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 3rd and 6th houses get affected by Shoonya. They need to be careful when it comes with things relating to mother.

6) Shasti

- Tithi Group - Nanda
- Tithi Lord - Jupiter
- Tithi Deity - Karthikeya
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Vajreshwari
- Tithi Ganapathi - Dhwija Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Subramaniam - Tiruchendur (Shukla Paksha) / Chevvai - Vaitheeswaran (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Then - Honey
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Yaja - Glorious, Pugazh Serum - Popularity
- Tithi Favorable Day - Friday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Aries ruled by Mars (Shukla Paksha) / Leo ruled by Sun (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Rohini
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashada (only for Shukla Paksha), Magha (only for Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Shasti Viratham falls on the sixth day of Shukla Paksha in every lunar month. Sashti Viratham is dedicated to Lord Skanda, the younger son of Lord Shiva. Devotees perform fast and chant Sashti Viratham kavacham on this day. This Shasti Viratham is celebrated as a special six day event during the solar month of Aippasi (Mid Oct to Mid Nov). It starts on the Shukla Paksha Pratama Tithi and the festival concludes with the fulfillment of Shukla Paksha Shasti Tithi.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are of a slim constituency. They are short tempered and tend to get angry very quickly.
  : They like attaining status and reputation in the society
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 1st and 5th houses get affected by Shoonya. Children related issues will be persisting and it is advised never to match a Shasti born male and female as bearing children can become complicated.

7) Sapthami

- Tithi Group - Bhadra
- Tithi Lord - Saturn
- Tithi Deity - Suriya
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Shivadutee
- Tithi Ganapathi - Siddhi Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Suriyan - Suriyanar (Shukla Paksha) / Munivar - Thirukatupalli (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Vellam - Jaggery
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Mitra - Friendly, Natpu Valarum - Growth of Friendship
- Tithi Favorable Day - Wednesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Sagittarius ruled by Jupiter (Shukla Paksha) / Cancer ruled by Moon (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Sagittarius, Cancer
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Hastham / Hastha, Moolam / Moola
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashada (only for Krishna Paksha), Margashira
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ratha Sapthami takes place on Shukla Paksha Sapthami in the lunar month of Magha. This marks the birth of the Sun God or Lord Surya and is hence also known as Surya Jayanthi. This Ratha Sapthami also denoted change of season to spring and start of the harvesting season which is considered auspicious for farmers. 
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are very compassionate and show kindness.
  : They go about any task with courage and bravery. They are really competitive and are said to complete things even beyond their capability. Like to attain perfection in whatever they do.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 4th and 9th houses get affected by Shoonya. The natives usually get separated from their parents for some or other reason.

8) Ashtami

- Tithi Group - Jaya
- Tithi Lord - Rahu
- Tithi Deity - Shiva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Twarita
- Tithi Ganapathi - Ucchistha Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Lakshmi Devi - Thevur (Shukla Paksha) / Adi Seshan - Srirangam (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Elaneer - Coconut
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Dwandwa - Conflict, Kulappam - Confusion
- Tithi Favorable Day - Tuesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Gemini ruled by Mercury (Shukla Paksha) / Virgo ruled by Mercury (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Pooratathi / Poorva Bhadrapada
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Chaitra, Margashira
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ashtami is largely known for Krishna Janmashtami and Radhashtami. Krishna Janmashtami takes place on Krishna Paksha Ashtami in the lunar month of Bhadrapada and Radhashtami is on Shukla Paksha Ashtami in the lunar month of Bhadrapada. They are also known as Krishna Jayanthi and Radha Jayanthi respectively. Also Bhairava Ashtami dedicated to Kal Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Shiva is held on Krishna Paksha Ashtami in the lunar month of Margashira.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are well disposed and have the blessings of God in attaining prosperity.
  : They are quite lust oriented.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 3rd and 6th houses get affected by Shoonya. They are usually knowledgeable of a different kind and tend to have knowledge of most subjects.

9) Navami

- Tithi Group - Rikta
- Tithi Lord - Mars
- Tithi Deity - Durga
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Kulasundari
- Tithi Ganapathi - Vighna Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Saraswathi - Koothanur (Shukla Paksha) / Yaman - Srivanchiyam (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Pori - Puffed bread
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Ugra - Fierce, Kurooram - Anger
- Tithi Favorable Day - Saturday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Leo ruled by Sun (Shukla Paksha) / Scorpio ruled by Mars (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Cancer, Leo
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Krithika
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Chaitra
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Navami is largely known for Rama Navami which is a festival celebrating the birth of Lord Ram. Rama Navami takes place on Shukla Paksha Navami in the lunar month of Chaitra. On similar lines takes place Sita Navami which is to celebrate Goddess Sita which happens on Shukla Paksha Navami in the following lunar month of Vaisakha.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are very correct in their endeavours
  : They however tend to believe and get attracted to other people more than their own kith and kin.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 5th and 8th houses get affected by Shoonya. They find it difficult to do their tasks and have issues in performing their Karma.

10) Dashami

- Tithi Group - Poorna
- Tithi Lord - Venus
- Tithi Deity - Yamaraja
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Nityadevi
- Tithi Ganapathi - Kshipra Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Veerabhadra - Kumbakonam (Shukla Paksha) / Guru - Thenkudi Thittai (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Rasam Annam - Spicy South Indian soup
- Tithi Level - Mixed (Shukla Paksha) / Mixed (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Saumya - Gentle, Menmai - Honorable
- Tithi Favorable Day - Thursday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Leo ruled by Sun (Shukla Paksha) / Scorpio ruled by Mars (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashwija
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Dashami is mainly known for Vijayadashami which occurs as part of Navaratri celebrations. Vijayadashami takes place on Shukla Paksha Dashami in the lunar month of Ashwin. This festival connotes the victory of good over evil. It is alternatively known as Dussehra.
- Tithi General Results -
  : The natives of this Tithi are virtuous and very focused on doing their duty in the rightful manner
  : They are very considerate by nature and maintain good relations with people
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 5th and 8th houses get affected by Shoonya. They find it difficult to do their tasks and have issues in performing their Karma.

11) Ekadashi

- Tithi Group - Nanda
- Tithi Lord - Mercury
- Tithi Deity - Viswadeva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Nilapadhaka
- Tithi Ganapathi - Heramba Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Parvathi Devi - Madurai Meenakshi (Shukla Paksha) / Shani - Tirunallar (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Sathu Maavu - Flour
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Anandha - Blissful, Inbam - Pleasing
- Tithi Favorable Day - Friday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Sagittarius ruled by Jupiter (Shukla Paksha) / Pisces ruled by Jupiter (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Sagittarius, Pisces
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Rohini
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Ashwija
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Ekadashi Vrat occurring during the Ekadashi Tithi in both Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha is dedicated to Lord Vishnu where devotees usually offer a day long fast during this period. Vaikunta Ekadashi is considered to be a special Ekadashi and occurs during the Ekadashi Tithi occurring in Shukla Paksha during the solar month of Dhanu (Mid Dec to Mid Jan). A day long fast is observed to attain Moksha and seek refuge in Lord Vishnu's holy abode of Vaikunta. Likewise Shayani Ekadashi occurs during Shukla Paksha in the Lunar Month of Ashada and Prabodhini Ekadashi occurs during Shukla Paksha in the Lunar Month of Karthik. It is believed that Lord Vishnu goes to sleep on the day of Shayani Ekadashi and wakes up during Prabodhini Ekadashi.
- Tithi General Results -
  : They are justice oriented and believe in being straight forward and fair.
  : Integrity is very important for them and believe in giving and taking respect.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 9th and 12th houses get affected by Shoonya. They will somehow finish any kind of work that is assigned to them but these natives are usually beneficial for others than their own. They need to be careful when it comes to matters of fathers and mentors.

12) Dwadashi

- Tithi Group - Bhadra
- Tithi Lord - Moon
- Tithi Deity - Vishnu
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Vijaya
- Tithi Ganapathi - Lakshmi Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Vishnu - Sarangapani (Shukla Paksha) / Sukran - Thiruvelliyingudi (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Payasam - Kheer
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Yaja - Glorious, Pugazh Nalla Gunam - Recognition and Good Behavior
- Tithi Favorable Day - Wednesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Libra ruled by Venus (Shukla Paksha) / Capricorn ruled by Saturn (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Aayilyam / Ashlesha
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Vaishaka
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Parasuram Dwadashi dedicated to Lord Parasuram who is known as the sixth incarnation of Lord Vishnu takes place on Shukla Paksha Dwadashi in the lunar month of Vaisakha. Narasimha Dwadashi is celebrated on Shukla Paksha Dwadashi in the lunar month of Phalguna. Lord Narasimha happens to be the man lion manifestation of Lord Vishnu
- Tithi General Results -
  : They like to maintain good conduct with everyone.
  : Any new activity that they perform, they tend to do it flawlessly.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 7th and 10th houses get affected by Shoonya. Marriage and work related issues normally tend to get affected.

13) Triyodashi

- Tithi Group - Jaya
- Tithi Lord - Sun
- Tithi Deity - Kamadeva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Sarvamangala
- Tithi Ganapathi - Maha Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Brahma - Thirukandiyur (Shukla Paksha) / Nandhi - Tirumalaipadi (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Aval - Flattened Rice
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Jaya - Victorious, Vetri - Win
- Tithi Favorable Day - Tuesday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi -  Taurus ruled by Venus (Shukla Paksha) / Leo ruled by Sun (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - Taurus, Pisces
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - Chithirai / Chitra, Swathi
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Jyeshta (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - Pradosh Vrat is very prominent among Hindus for seeking Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvathi's blessings. Devotees offer fast and perform rituals during this day. Pradosh Vrat or Pradosham takes place every Trayodashi both on Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha of every lunar month.When Pradosh Vrat coincides on a Wednesday, it is known as Budh Pradosh Vrat and is deemed to be really auspicious. Also Dhanteras which is supposed to be the first day of Diwali celebrations occurs on Krishna Triyodashi in the lunar month of Ashwin.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives end up doing certain tasks without realizing the consequences.
  : They usually do not have lot of friends and not so close to family members.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 2nd and 5th houses get affected by Shoonya. Family and Kula Deivam (God Lineage) related issues normally tend to get affected.

14) Chaturdashi

- Tithi Group - Rikta
- Tithi Lord - Jupiter
- Tithi Deity - Shiva
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Jwalamalini
- Tithi Ganapathi - Vijaya Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Rudran - Sarabeshwarar Thirubuvanam (Shukla Paksha) / Maheshwaran - Gangaikondasola Puram (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Kadala - Chickpeas
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Ugra - Fierce, Kurooram - Anger
- Tithi Favorable Day - Saturday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - Gemini & Virgo ruled by Mercury (Shukla Paksha) / Sagittarius & Pisces ruled by Jupiter (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - Jyeshta (only for Krishna Paksha), Karthik (only for Shukla Paksha)
- Tithi Events / Festivals - The day before the actual Diwali is Naraka Chaturdashi which occurs on Krishna Paksha Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Ashwin. Also Maha Shivaratri or Maha Bahula Chatirdashi known as the great night of Lord Shiva takes place on Krishna Paksha Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Magha. Like how Maha Shivaratri is dedicated to Lord Shiva, there is also an Anant Chaturdashi paying homage to Lord Vishnu that occurs on Shukla Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Bhadrapada. This also marks the last day of the ten day Ganesh Chaturthi festival.
- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives are usually short tempered and like accumulating possessions. They get angry if they are not able to attain what they want.
  : They are often the butt of all jokes and end up being mocked.
  : As per Kalapurusha, the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th houses get affected by Shoonya. They need to be extra careful in a number of objects as 4 main pillars of a horoscope gets strained.

15) Poornima / Ammavasya

- Tithi Group - Poorna
- Tithi Lord - Saturn (Poornima) / Rahu (Ammavasya)
- Tithi Deity - Chandra (Poornima) / Pitris (Ammavasya)
- Tithi Nitya Devi - Chitra
- Tithi Ganapathi - Nirutha Ganapathi
- Tithi Temple - Varunan - Mahendrampalli (Shukla Paksha) / Sadasivam - Rameshwaram (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Neivedya - Thayir Sadham - Curd Rice
- Tithi Level - Auspicious (Shukla Paksha) / Inauspicious (Krishna Paksha)
- Tithi Nature - Saumya - Gentle (Poornima), Pitru - Ancestral (Ammavasya)
- Tithi Favorable Day - Thursday
- Tithi Shoonya Rasi - None
- Tithi Shoonya Lagna - None
- Tithi Shoonya Nakshatra - None
- Tithi Shoonya Maasa - None
- Tithi Events / Festivals - A number of events takes place during Poornima Tithi. Some of the well known ones happen to be Hanuman Jayanthi in the lunar month of Chaitra, Buddha Poornima in Vaishakha, Vat Poornima in Jyeshta, Guru Poornima in Ashada, Shravan Poornima in Shravana, Shraddha Poornima in Bhadrapada, Sharad Poornima in Ashwina, Karthik Poornima (Karthigai Deepam) in Karthik, Dattatreya Jayanthi in Margashira, Shakambari Poornima in Pausha.
Ammavasya Tithi in general is considered auspicious for worship of forefathers and ancestors. The Ammavasya on Ashwin month is known as Mahalaya Ammavasya and is especially sacred for offering oblations to ancestors. This period pertaining to the dark fortnight in the lunar month of Ashwina from Krishna Paksha Pratama till Ammavasya is termed as Pitru Paksha where offerings are made to departed souls with the Mahalaya Ammavasya being the most important day for performing obsequies and rites. In the South, Thai Ammavasya occurring in the solar month of Thai or Makara and Aadi Ammavasya taking place in the solar month of Aadi or Katagam is specially considered for oblation and signifies the first Ammavasya after Uttarayana (Northern course of Sun) and Dakshinayana (Southern course of Sun) respectively. If Ammavasya coincides on a Monday it has a special significance and fasting on this day is said to ensure desires being fulfilled. The day after Naraka Chaturdashi in the lunar month of Ashwija is when Diwali celebrations actually culminates. It is also the day when Lakshmi Pooja takes place with worship for Lakshmi, the Goddess for Wealth and Ganesh, the God for auspicious beginnings. 

- Tithi General Results -
  : These natives are very patient by nature and possess a lot of respect towards their parents. They are very intelligent and talented in performing any activity. Ensure to speak the truth always.
  : They undergo a lot of oscillation in life with regular ups and downs.
  : As per Kalapurusha, no house gets affected by Tithi Shoonya. However they need to be careful with respect to certain matters due to the proximity of the Moon being directly opposite (Poornima) and too close to the Sun (Ammavasya) respectively.

Note: Hindu festivals are largely decoded based on the Tithi in operation. The Christian festivals are more aligned to a specific day or date such as Christman always arising on December 25th, New Year's on Jan 1st etc. Muslim festivals on the other hand are largely based on Moon sighting and not observance of a particular Tithi as most Hindu festivals but they more or less have a correlation as Moon's phases originate as part of Tithi. It would be quite interesting to note that Ramadan always commences around Shukla Paksha Dwitiya Tithi based on the viewing of crescent moon and Eid on Shukla Paksha Dwitiya Tithi in the following lunar month. Muslims are known to fast and offer obeisance to God for Ramadan during the entire month and Eid marks the end of the Islamic holy month fasting of Ramadan. Another of their festival, Bakrid happens around Shukla Paksha Dashami in the lunar month of Ashada.

                                              

Information and Results pertaining to different Karanas of Panchanga

A Karana is considered to be half of a Tithi and there are 11 Karanas in totality. A Tithi gets formed every time the Moon moves 12 degrees away from the Sun and half of a Tithi is a Karana which is 6 degrees. Hence there are 60 Karanas in total (360°/6) which are however further categorized into 11 as 7 of the karanas are movable and repeat 8 times in a cycle making up 56 and there are remaining 4 fixed karanas all together making up the sum total of 60.

It is said that Knowledge of Karanas leads to success. There is also a popular saying stating 'Karanam Thappinal Maranam' meaning Karanam is so powerful that it can even save you from the clutches of death. It is also said to be the 'Karya Siddhi' that translates as 'granting of success'. A Karana can indicate means of work getting accomplished and providing a direction towards life by putting in the required efforts. Since it is directly dealing with Karma and Saturn is the forebearer planet of the same, Karanas in general are said to be governed mainly under the auspices of Saturn with it also being the natural 10th Lord of the Kalapurusha.

Herewith sharing few snippets about the 11 different Karanas obtained from various Tamil speeches and informatory materials. In general the movable Karanas which are 7 of them that repeat 8 times in the cycle are said to be favorable and the 4 fixed karanas which get formed during the last half of Krishna Chaturdashi Tithi, full Ammavasya and former half of Shukla Paksha Pratipada (or Pratamai) are said to be inauspicious.

1) Bava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Chevvai - Mars

✔Animal: Singham - Lion

✔Deity: Narasimha (The Lakshmi Narasimhar temple located in Namakkal especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Punnai Mara Poo - White flower (Calophyllum Inophyllum)

✔Prasad: Neivedyam, Annam - Food Grains (Offering of food on Bava Karana is really auspicious)

✔Application / Wearing: Kasthuri - Wild Turmeric

✔Ornament / Ring: Manikkam - Ruby

✔Vessel: Ponnu - Gold

✔Cloth: Venmai - Pale White cloth

✔Offering: Pala Pazham - Jackfruit

General Information:

- Natives born in Bava Karana are said to be magnanimous and do not tend to have any greed.

-Since their animal is Lion, they are mostly very brave and tend to be in dominant professions such as police, sports, Government Authorities etc.

- Any work performed in Bava Karanam can last up to 48 years and hence all good things can be performed in this Karana

- Most auspicious marriages that have been long lasting would have taken place only in Bava Karana

- Women born in Bava Karanam keep their husbands with honor and they always get praise from family. They are also equivalent to men in every way and have similar earning potential

- People born in this Karana always win and wherever they go will return victorious. They also tend to be respected people in life

2) Balava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Raghu - Rahu

✔Animal: Puli - Tiger

✔Deity:  Ayyappa, Sastha, Gramathu Deivangal (village Gods) (The Ayyappa temple in Sabari Malai especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Shenbaga Malar - Fragrant flowers

✔Prasad: Payasam - Kheer

✔Application / Wearing: Sandhanam - Sandalwood

✔Ornament / Ring: Muthu - Pearl

✔Vessel: Velli - Silver

✔Cloth: Sivappu - Red cloth

✔Offering: Nellika - Gooseberry

General Information:

- One should not upset people born in this Karana. These people will play their cards strategically

- Any task that they get into they will go ahead with plenty of confidence and might

- Said to possess plenty of intelligence (buddhi) and they will be musically inclined and sporty

- Any work done in Balava Karanam lasts for 16 years. All good work can be performed in Rahu Kaalam because Rahu is the planet of this Karana

- 2nd - family, 5th - children, 7th - marriage, 8th - marital bond (mangalyam) - they say if Rahu/Ketu sits in these houses it casues Dosham but if born in Balava Karanam such issues don't normally occur

3) Kaulava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Shani - Saturn

✔Animal: Pandri - Pig

✔Deity: Varaha Murthy (The Bhu Varaha temple in Shri Msuhnam especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Mahilam Malar - Yellow flower (Spanish Cherry) 

✔Prasad: Paniyaram or Paddu - Rice lentil dumplings

✔Application / Wearing: Kungumam - Vermilion

✔Ornament / Ring: Velli - Silver

✔Vessel: Sembu - Copper

✔Cloth: Kandangi - Cloth made from cotton or silk threads

✔Offering: Kothamali Sadham - Coriander Rice

General Information:

- Saturn is the karaka for profession. These people are usually research oriented and any studies based on research is good for them

- People born in this karana should not do betrayal to their animal and hence shouldn't consume pork

- Even if Saturn is in 6,8,12 it won't cause problems and planets sitting in upachaya from Saturn tend to do good

- Bore work, all land related things will come under this Karana. In villages any well fitting work is done in this karana

4) Taitula:

✔Planetary Ruler: Sukran - Venus

✔Animal: Kazhudhu - Donkey

✔Deity: Jyeshta Devi, Moodevi (Alakshmi) - Known as the elder sister of Goddess Mahalakshmi (The Jyeshta Devi temple in Brahmapureeshwar, Perunagar especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Malligai Poo - Jasmine

✔Prasad: Appam - Pancake

✔Application / Wearing: Korochanam - Oxbile (Fel Borinum Purifcatum)

✔Ornament / Ring: Vairam - Diamond

✔Vessel: Irumbu - Iron

✔Cloth: Manjal - Yellow cloth

✔Offering: Neer Pushnika, Manga, Keerai - Ash Gourd, Mangoes, Spinach

General Information:

- Most auspicious karana for ladies. For marriage related things it is very good. In those days for seeing girls it used to happen in Taitula Karanam

- They are very concerned about their family and sacrifice themselves for every cause. Also happen to very hard working and slog a lot

- People struggling to get married also can pray to Jyeshta Devi on a Taitula Karanam day

- Sugar, diabetes, lungs related issues all pertain to Venus - Getting treated for these on Taitula Karana helps in getting relief

5) Garaja:

✔Planetary Ruler: Chandran - Moon

✔Animal: Yannai - Elephant

✔Deity: Vinayak or Pillayar (The Vinayaka temple in Pillayar Patti especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Sembaruthi - Hibiscus

✔Prasad: Paal - Milk

✔Application / Wearing: Kaasu Katti - Ayurvedic herb resin

✔Ornament / Ring: Manikkam - Ruby

✔Vessel: Eeyam - Lead

✔Cloth: Karuppu Niram - Black colour cloth

✔Offering: Thengai - Coconut in any form

General Information:

- Because animal is elephant, these people tend to have very good memory. They will tend to keep secrets about themselves

- This Karana is good for agriculture and Government related work. These people tend to know high profile influential personalities

- Wherever they go they will earn. They also tend to leave their family and live alone. The ancestors of these natives will be high personalities and tend to come from a distant land

- They tend to face a lot of humiliation, all these will be lessons and they will succeed later on

- They have extra compassion and affection which leads them to face lots of problems. They are even termed as ''Paasa Muttal'' meaning Affectionate fools

- They never think only for themselves, always look at things from a common cause

- They find it difficult to have a house of their own and always tend to have land, house related issues

- All things come in their life only after significant delays

- Mostly love marriage tends to happen, some issues in family always takes place, also female children are associated. Also these karana natives are known to face marriage issues in general.

6) Vanisai:

✔Planetary Ruler: Suriyan - Sun

✔Animal: Nandhi - Bull

✔Deity: Nandi Keshwar (The Nandeswar temple in Thirumalapadi especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Neela Lochanam - Blooming Blue/Purple Lotus

✔Prasad: Thayir - Curd

✔Application / Wearing: Manjal Podi - Turmeric

✔Ornament / Ring: Pavalam - Coral

✔Vessel: Panchalokam - 5 metal alloy mix

✔Cloth: Kambali - Blanket material

✔Offering: Narathai - Orange

General Information:

- Favorable for Government related job, meeting important personalities and politics

- Bava and Vanija are supposed to be most auspicious and hence any work performed in these 2 karanas are very good especially for house construction activities

- Most temples were constructed on Vanija and that’s why these are spoken till this day.

- These people tend to face marriage related issues. It is preferable if they have late marriage

7) Vishti / Bhadrai:

✔Planetary Ruler: Kethu - Ketu

✔Animal: Kozhi - Cock

✔Deity: Muruga or Karthikeya (The Murugan temple in Tiruchendur especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Gundumani Poo - Arabian Jasmine

✔Prasad: Chitrannam - Lemon based rice

✔Application / Wearing: Karpooram - Camphor

✔Ornament / Ring: Pushparagam - Yellow Sapphire

✔Vessel: Venkalam - Bronze

✔Cloth: Thozh - Skin based material

✔Offering: Murungakka - Drumstick

General Information:

- People born in this karana should not do betrayal to their animal and hence shouldn't consume chicken

- This karana translates to poison, these people have high resistance power to ward off evils.

- This is very convenient for Agriculture related work, also for house painting because Ketu is multi colour

- Wherever they go they will come out victorious and are especially smart in winning their enemies. There will be some mystery about them

- They will be very devoted to family and especially ladies will sacrifice themselves for family

- People born in this karana can be medical practitioners, astrologers, spiritual related persons

8) Shakuni:

✔Planetary Ruler: Shani - Saturn

✔Animal: Kaagam - Crow

✔Deity: Saneeshwara or Shani Bhagwan (The Shani temple in Tirunellar especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Shenbaga Poo - Magnolia Champak

✔Prasad: Vellam - Jaggery

✔Application / Wearing: Seru - Sludge / Mud

✔Ornament / Ring: Karuppu Nool - Blackish ornamentation

✔Vessel: Kal Pathiram or Kal Kattu - Vessel made of stone

✔Cloth: Karuppu Niram - Black cloth material

✔Offering: Kothamalli - Cilantro or coriander based items

General Information:

- Giving food to crow on a daily basis is very good

- They work against usual force of nature and against Dharma and this creates problems for them with others. They know to play tricks well

- They tend to be the leader of the pack, they work with lot of jewelry like Gold, Silver Business etc. These people tend to keep mortgage of jewelry

9) Chatushpada:

✔Planetary Ruler: Guru - Jupiter

✔Animal: Naayi - Dog

✔Deity: Bairavar, Rudran (The Kala Bairavar temple in Kshetrapalam especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Kondrai Malar - Golden flowers (Cassia Fistula) 

✔Prasad: Then - Honey

✔Application / Wearing: Thiruneer - Sacred Ash

✔Ornament / Ring: Sphadik Mala - Crystal Quartz

✔Vessel: Mara Pathiram - Brass vessel

✔Cloth: Manja Niram - Yellow color cloth

✔Offering: Aapil - Apple

General Information:

- Chatush indicates 4 types of Veda - Rig, Yajur, Adharva and Sama. Guru indicates leadership position and reputation

- People born in this karana will achieve from a young age and they get money, properties, honour, influence etc

- However Jupiter should not be the 8th lord as it will not be favorable and Jupiter should especially not be in Bharani Nakshatra. Also Guru should not be Tithi Shoonyam

- These people usually get skin/nervous disease like leprosy and they can be ignored even by their own children

10) Nagava:

✔Planetary Ruler: Raghu - Rahu

✔Animal: Paambu - Snake

✔Deity: Nagaraj (The Nagaraja temple in Nagerkoil especially is considered auspicious)

✔Flower: Olai Poo - Coconut leaf flower

✔Prasad: Nei Kalandha Porul - Items made with ghee

✔Application / Wearing: Sambrani - Benzoin

✔Ornament / Ring: Vaidhuryam - Cat's Eye

✔Vessel: Marathodu Pathiram - Tree wood vessel

✔Cloth: Karu Neelam - Dark blue cloth material

✔Offering: Nellikai - Gooseberry

General Information:

- These people are known to settle in far off or foreign places usually

- They will go out of their way to earn for themselves and family. They will earn wherever they go

- Balava Karana is known as Amritha (sweet) Rahu whereas Nagava Karana is Visha (poison) Rahu

- For others they will go and do things out of their way. Also known to do every thing in a major big way

- Nobody can run or hide from them as they have very sharp vision. They also tend to get angry quickly

- Skin problems these people tend to have regularly. They also tend to have lots of desires

- These people can do work in fields such as marketing, medicine, press, media, cameraman, magician

11) Kimstugna:

✔Planetary Ruler: Budhan - Mercury

✔Animal: Pulu - Worm

✔Deity: Dhanvantri (The Dhanvantri temple in Sri Rangam especially is considered auspicious) 

✔Flower: Kongu Malar - Decorative flowers

✔Prasad: Sarkarai Kalandhu Porul - Items made with sugar

✔Application / Wearing: Javadhu - Herbal paste made from Sandal

✔Ornament / Ring: Muthu - Pearl

✔Vessel: Moongil - Bamboo

✔Cloth: Ven Pattu - White silk cloth material

✔Offering: Thakkali - Tomato based items

General Information:

- This is a karanam for medicine, herbs (mooligai), doctors and hospitals. These people even tend to grow worms

- These people tend to oscillate and are pretty fickle minded when it comes to making any decision

- 3rd place from Lagnam causes issues - ears, nose, tongues get affected. 7th place if Mercury is placed there can be issues in marriage as Mercury denotes dual tendencies

- Astrology, communication, Documents, multi level marketing, bookshop, lawyer all come under work of this karana

- These people can donate green grams, help transgenders and those having mind related troubles

                                                          P.S: Picture obtained from Net

The 8 Part Division of Time Cycle - Kala Vela, Gowri Panchanga, Choghadiya

'Time' is an essential component in the scheme of things when it comes to fixing an auspicious period for a Muhurat or for undertaking an important activity. One of the common bifurcations of time happens to be the splitting of day time and night time into 8 equal divisions each. Thus in essence there will be 16 time intervals in a day comprising of 8 each for sunrise and sunset with each of them running for a period of approx an hour and a half each depending upon the length of duration of sunrise and sunset. Each of these sub divisions are ruled by a said planet and said to connote a particular specification. Based on the methodology adopted, the computation differs taking an off shoot direction by adhering to certain principles and thus leading to a shift in the planetary sequence cabinet allotment. The 3 different types of 1/8th units of division of time (approx 90-96 minutes time frame) complied comprises of the following:

- Kala Vela
- Gowri Panchanga
- Choghadiya

Basic Concepts of Time and Day:
Before explaining the intricacies of how planetary time periods are allotted for these 3 metrics, it will be good to recall the over arching hierarchy of how time gets recorded in the vedic calendar. This is exclusively defined from one of the five elements of the Panchang titled the Vara or Day.

There are 7 Vara's obtained from the 7 week days and each of them are represented by a particular planet as seen below:
Sunday - Sun
Monday - Moon
Tuesday - Mars
Wednesday - Mercury
Thursday - Jupiter
Friday - Venus
Saturday - Saturn

Each day of the week comprises of the time beginning from sunrise and ends during the next day sunrise when the next day commences. Within this period of a whole day, we divide it into two portions viz sun rise (day time) and sun set (night time). The Sun rise or day time period runs from when the sun rises in the east till the time it sets in the west. Likewise the Sun set or night time period runs from when the sun sets in the west till the time it rises again in the east.

Now, the respective sun rise and sun set portions are bifurcated further into 8 equal parts each and that's where ruling planets are assigned to each one of them. The order of the sunrise period always begins from the order of the weekday and the sunset period begins from the 5th day of the weekday and follows a specific order. For instance Sunrise period on a Sunday always starts from Sun whereas the sunset period commences from Jupiter since it happens to be the lord of the 5th weekday from Sunday (Thursday is 5th day beginning from Sunday and it's ruler is Jupiter).

Kala Vela:
The Kala vela time periods signify that portion of time slots which are primarily ruled by each of the planets from Sun to Saturn in a particular weekday operating from sunrise to sunset and again from sunset to next day sunrise. It is through these 1/8th time zoned periods of sunrise and sunset that we account for inauspicious sub periods such as Yama Ghanta Kala and Gulika Kala.

The Kala time is said to be the shadowy portion of the planets and is mainly used for delineating the time frame ruled by each of the planets. In general parlance these are termed as Upagrahas or in essence the son's of the respective 7 planets Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn.

As mentioned, there are 7 weekdays but 8 equal parts each for sunrise and sunset. Hence 7 of these parts will be assigned to a particular planet with the 8th being headless and given to Rahu. The sequence goes as Sun-Moon-Mars-Mercury-Jupiter-Venus-Saturn-Rahu. The order starts from the ruling planet of the particular weekday for sunrise and 5th day of weekday for sunset.

Let us go about computing the kala vela order for a Friday. Since the day is Friday, first part for sunrise is assigned to the lord of the weekday Friday which is Venus. After that it will be lord of Saturday Saturn in the 2nd part followed by headless portion Rahu taking charge in the 3rd part and after that Sunday Lord Sun ruling 4th part, Monday Lord Moon ruling 5th part, Tuesday Lord Mars ruling 6th, Wednesday Lord Mercury heading the 7th part and finally followed by Thursday Lord Jupiter ruling the 8th and final part of sunrise. For sunset, order will begin from the 5th day of the weekday which in this case will be Mars since Tuesday is the 5th weekday from Friday. Thus the sequence will be Mars-Mercury-Jupiter-Venus-Saturn-Rahu-Sun-Moon making up the 8 parts of sunset.

The Kala Vela classifications with the names of the planet's son or upagraha is described below:
Sun - Kala
Moon - Paridhi
Mars - Mrityu
Mercury - Ardhaprahara
Jupiter - Yamaghanta
Venus - Indrachapa
Saturn - Gulika

Gowri Panchanga:
In the traditional sense, Gowri Panchanga is used to check auspicious time to start a new activity and avoid inauspicious time. From a religious perspective it is mainly used to decipher the right time for the purpose of a Muhurat.

The computation of time slot for Gowri Panchanga works through the following premise. As mentioned above the sunrise and sunset time are split into 8 equal parts and are assigned a planet each beginning from the weekday for sun rise (day time) and 5th day of the weekday for sun set (night time).

The only difference between the time periods of Gowri Panchanga and Kala Vela is due to the special timezone factoring of Rahu which causes changes to the planetary sequence. The Rahu period is always assigned a particular time slot for each day of the week on both sunrise and sunset and when that period arises, Rahu is always given precedence and the next planet succeeds the time period after Rahu and the similar weekday order follows. The parts assigned to Rahu for every day beginning from Sunday to Saturday during sunrise period happens to be 8th, 2nd, 7th, 5th, 6th, 4th and 3rd. During sunset period the parts assigned for every day beginning from Sunday to Saturday are 4th, 5th, 3rd, 8th, 2nd, 7th, 6th. It should however be noted that Rahu never rules the 1st part on any day whether it's a sunrise or sunset.

Rahu Kaala time is said to be associated with ultra violet rays falling on the earth that are not visible to the naked eyes. It is specifically noted that ultra violet particles fall on those portions of time assigned to Rahu on every day of the week during both sunrise and sunset and this is the main reasons that the time order of planets get impacted in order to factor this phenomenon.

To understand the concept in a simple manner, let us see how to go about computing the time slots for a Wednesday. Since the day is Wednesday, for sunrise first part is assigned to the lord of the weekday Wednesday which is Mercury. After that it will be lord of Thursday Jupiter followed by Friday lord Venus, Saturday Lord Saturn, Sunday Lord Sun, Monday Lord Moon and Tuesday Lord Mars. So we have the order of Mercury-Jupiter-Venus-Saturn-Sun-Moon-Mars. Now we have 7 planets but 8 parts need to be filled. On Wednesday during sunrise period Rahu occupies the 5th part. Hence order from Mercury-Jupiter-Venus-Saturn will remain the same and after this Rahu will come in 5th part pushing the Sun to 6th, Moon in to the 7th and Mars will finally own the 8th spot. For sunset first part is assigned to the 5th day of the weekday which is Sun (Sunday is 5th day from Wednesday). Also we know that Rahu rules the 8th part in sunset. Hence the order will be Sun-Moon-Mars-Mercury-Jupiter-Venus-Saturn-Rahu.

The Gowri Panchanga classification of planets along with the meanings indicated are listed below:
Sun - Uthi (Plan)
Moon - Amirtha (Sweet)
Mars - Rogam (Evil)
Mercury - Laabam (Gain)
Jupiter - Dhanam (Wealth)
Venus - Sugam (Comfort)
Saturn - Soram (Bad)
Rahu - Visham (Poison)

Choghadiya:
Choghadiya is again a measurement of time very similar to Gowri Panchanga and used for determining muhurat and establishing most suitable time frames to perform auspicious activities. It is more prevalent in the North of India as opposed to its counterpart Gowri Panchang which is followed predominantly in the South. They both work in a like for like vein and also tend to connote similar descriptions of the time calendar.

The main difference between the two happens to be the non factoring of the Rahu time zone for Choghadiya. Thus, it makes use of only 7 planets sans Rahu with the 8th slot being partaken by the planet that began proceedings of the 8 part sequence. The other tilt in the time computation takes place in the sequence followed which is that of the Hora order based on the distance of planets or the order of decreasing speed of planets with respect to the earth. Saturn being the farthest comes first in the order followed by Jupiter, next Mars, then Sun followed by Venus, Mercury and finally the Moon. The sequence of this order however always begins with the planet owning the weekday for sun rise day time and 5th day from the weekday for sunset night time.

Let's understand the order flow of Choghadiya with an illustration of how it is arrived at for a Thursday. Since the day is Thursday, for sunrise portion, first part is assigned to the lord of the weekday Thursday which is Jupiter. From here it will follow the order of decreasing speed of planets with the second part given to Mars (faster in speed to Jupiter), 3rd part to Sun (faster to Mars) followed by 4th part to Venus (faster than Sun) with 5th part to Mercury (being faster than Venus), 6th part to Moon (being fastest planet of them all) followed again by 7th part to Saturn (slowest planet of all) and finally 8th part aligned back to Jupiter which started the sequence. For sunset also similar process follows but starting from the 5th day of the weekday which in this case will be Moon being the 5th weekday from Thursday. Thus the 1st part will be Moon, followed by Saturn, then Jupiter, after that Mars and toeing along will be Sun, Venus, Mercury and the final 8th part will be ruled by Moon again.

The Choghadiya classification of planets along with the meanings indicated are listed below:
Sun - Udyoga (Administrative)
Moon - Amrita (Nectar)
Mars - Roga (Fight)
Mercury - Labha (Profit)
Jupiter - Shubha (Favorable)
Venus - Chala (Movement)
Saturn - Kaala (Unfavorable)

Conclusion:
From a panoptic view each of the measures of Kala Vela, Gowri Panchanga and Chogadiya all tailor towards the 8 divisions of cycles of time and look inherently similar to one another but however they all have their own individual significance and tend to branch out when it comes to assigning planetary time periods. Kala Vela follows the weekday order and has a portion which is blank given to Rahu. Gowri Panchanga on the other hand also follows the weekday order but the planetary sequence gets entangled due to the dichotomy of Rahu which is specially carved out to configure the Rahu Kaalam time. Chogadiya on the other hand does not consider Rahu into picture at all and allocates the portions only to the 7 embodied planets but however it follows the hora order course of action. Hence each of these metrics form an integral part within the time landscape and they all are conventionally similar yet eerily different from each other

Nutshell:
Kala Vela:
7 planets plus one headless portion for Rahu and follows weekday sequence order beginning from lord of the weekday for sunrise and lord of the 5th weekday for sunset.

Gowri Panchanga:
8 planets including Rahu and follows weekday sequence order beginning from lord of the weekday for sunrise and lord of the 5th weekday for sunset. Exclusively factors Rahu time period causing a tweak to the regular weekday planetary order.

Chogadiya:
7 planets excluding Rahu and follows hora sequence order beginning from lord of the weekday for sunrise and lord of the 5th weekday for sunset.

Snapshot:
Sharing below a snapshot of the ruling planets of Kala Vela, Gowri Panchanga and Choghadiya considering sunrise and sunset as 6AM and 6PM respectively. If the sunrise or sunset time happens to be earlier or later than clock time of 6, it needs to be adjusted accordingly. This roster however provides a summarized view of the exact sequence of planetary order ruling the 8 parts each in both the sunrise and sunset time framework.

Vedic components of Time!

The breakdown of time as a component is very fascinating in the vedic sphere. The division of time from a higher level to the minutest level is indeed hair raising and you'll get alarmed at how atomically intricate the sages went with the lowest metric of time recorded to a depth underneath of up to a staggering 1/60750th of a second.

Let's say for instance that someone were born on the 4th of June 1986 at 10:05 PM in Chennai, India. Just by classifying on a broad scale of time we can perhaps say that the person was born in:
Akshaya Varsha  (60th of 60 years)
Uttara Ayana (1st of 2 Ayanas)
Vasantha Rutu (1st of 6 seasons)
Vaisakha Masa (2nd of 12 months)
Krishna Paksha (2nd of 2 fortnights)
Buddha Vara (4th of 7 days)
Ratri Samay (2nd of 2 times of a day)
Roga Gowri Panchang (3rd of 8 parts during night time of a day)
Shani Hora (17th of 24 hours of a day)

If someone were to ask you the time in which you were born you can always flummox anyone by stating in detail the time period in which you took birth on this earth. You can even add the details of the Nakshatra, Tithi, Karana, Yoga and various other measures as an extra fillip.

These are just various layers and from Paksha onwards it could even take another off shoot route by going in another direction such as the Ahoratra, Muhurtha, Ghati et al. But on a broad classification, at least to within an hours time the classification listed draws down to a pretty finite level. I shall now explain some important components of time by first listing down a summary on a high level followed by explanation on the components.

• Varsha (Samvatsara - 60 year cycle)
• Ayana (Sun's Northern and Southern movement)
• Ruthu (6 types of seasons) 
• Masa (12 months of Lunar calendar/Solar Calendar)
• Paksha (Bright half/Darker half of moon)
• Vara (7 days from Sunday to Saturday)
• Samay (Day divided into day time sunrise and night time sunset)
• Gowri Panchanga (Portion of sunrise and sunset divided into 8 equal parts each)
• Hora (Day classified into 24 hours beginning from lord of the day in decreasing distance)

Varsha (Samvatsara) / Year:
A time cycle consists of 60 years and can also translate to 5 cycles of Jupiter. It is based on a rough estimate of the time taken by the 2 biggies Jupiter and Saturn to come together which happens approximately once in 60 years. Jupiter takes roughly 1 year or 12 months in a sign and hence takes 12 years to complete the zodiac. Saturn on the other hand takes 2.5 years or 30 months and hence it takes 30 years to go around the zodiac. The lowest common multiple of 12 and 30 happens to be 60 and hence once every 60 years you would see Jupiter and Saturn crossing each other's path.

The first year of the cycle is called 'Prabhava' and the last year of the cycle is termed 'Akshaya'. The current 60 year cycle runs from 1987-88 to 2046-47. Now these 60 years by themselves are divided into 3 parts ruled by the trinity with the first 20 years ruled by Brahma, the next 20 years by Vishnu and the last 20 years by Shiva.

A Samvatsara is said to begin immediately after Ammavasya in the Tithi of Shukla Paksha Pratipada in the lunar month of Chaitra. This is followed mostly in the Northern part of India but however sections of South India believe that a year starts when Sun enters Mesha in the month of Chithirai. This difference of opinion could lead to a minor difference in the start of a new year based on whether lunar or solar calendars have been adopted.

Year	Samvatsara	Deity
1	Prabhava	Brahma
2	Vibhava	Brahma
3	Sukla	Brahma
4	Pramoduta	Brahma
5	Prajapati	Brahma
6	Angirasa	Brahma
7	Srimukha	Brahma
8	Bhava	Brahma
9	Yuva	Brahma
10	Dhattu	Brahma
11	Isvara	Brahma
12	Bahudhanya	Brahma
13	Pramathi	Brahma
14	Vikrama	Brahma
15	Vrushapraja	Brahma
16	Chitrabhanu	Brahma
17	Svabhanu	Brahma
18	Tarana	Brahma
19	Parthiva	Brahma
20	Vyaya	Brahma
21	Sarvajit	Vishnu
22	Sarvadhari	Vishnu
23	Virodhi	Vishnu
24	Vikrti	Vishnu
25	Khara	Vishnu
26	Nandana	Vishnu
27	Vijaya	Vishnu
28	Jaya	Vishnu
29	Manmatha	Vishnu
30	Durmukhi	Vishnu
31	Hevilambi	Vishnu
32	Vilambi	Vishnu
33	Vikari	Vishnu
34	Sarvari	Vishnu
35	Plava	Vishnu
36	Subhakruth	Vishnu
37	Shobhakruth	Vishnu
38	Krodhi	Vishnu
39	Visvavasu	Vishnu
40	Parabhava	Vishnu
41	Plavanga	Shiva
42	Kilaka	Shiva
43	Saumya	Shiva
44	Sadharana	Shiva
45	Virodhikrta	Shiva
46	Paridhavi	Shiva
47	Pramadicha	Shiva
48	Ananda	Shiva
49	Raksasa	Shiva
50	Nala	Shiva
51	Pingala	Shiva
52	Kalayukti	Shiva
53	Siddharthi	Shiva
54	Raudri	Shiva
55	Durmati	Shiva
56	Dundubhi	Shiva
57	Rudhirodgari	Shiva
58	Raktakshi	Shiva
59	Krodhana	Shiva
60	Akshaya	Shiva

Ayana (Northern/Southern movement of Sun):
An Ayana is basically 2 half years within a year known as the solar half and lunar half. It depends on the Sun's course of movement. The 2 Ayana's are termed Uttara Ayana (solar half) ruled by Sun and Dakshina Ayana (lunar half) ruled by Moon.

Uttara Ayana - This is the solar half of the year which takes place with Sun's Northward course from winter solstice to summer solstice where the days are said to be lengthier. In simple parlance, it is the time of the year when Sun enters Capricorn zodiac as per the sidereal year which would roughly be around the mid of January.

Dakshina Ayana - This is the lunar half of the year which takes place with Sun's Southward course from summer solstice to winter solstice where the nights are said to be lengthier. In simple parlance, it is the time of the year when Sun enters into Cancer zodiac as per the sidereal year which would roughly be around the mid of July.

Rutu (Seasons):
There are 6 types of seasons in the calendar denoting different meanings as mentioned below:
Vasantha - Spring (Ruled by Venus)
Grishma - Summer (Ruled by Sun, Mars)
Varsha - Monsoon/Rainy Season (Ruled by Moon)
Sharad - Autumn (Ruled by Mercury)
Hemanta - Winter (Ruled by Jupiter)
Sisira - Prevernal/Cold Season (Ruled by Saturn)

Vasantha Ruthu is said to correlate with the beginning of the year whereas Sisira Ruthu takes place during the end of the year. Each Rutu is said to last for 2 lunar months. In down south however due to change in climatic conditions, there tends to be a small shift with regard to the hot and cold portion of the year. Since Grishma is said to be the summer season and tends to begin in and around April, the solar months Chithirai and Vaikasi (Mid April to mid June) are associated with it and likewise Varsha is tagged along with the solar months of Aani and Aadi (Mid June to mid August).

Masa (Months):
There are 12 months in a year and the lunar calendar is the one which is followed in vogue. There are 2 types of traditions followed with regard to the following of the Lunar months viz

Amanta - Month starts on Shukla Pratipada and ends on Ammavasya (Most popular)

Pournimanta - Month starts on Krishna Paksha Pratipada and ends on Pournima

A lunar month is roughly about 29 and half days and hence a lunar year completes it's revolution in about 354 odd days whereas a solar year comprises about 365 and a quarter days. This difference accumulates over time and hence an extra month titled Adhik Maasa is inserted to keep the lunar and solar calendars aligned. The Adhik Maasa takes place once in about 2 years and 8 1/2 months with the extra month taking place in the month where the sun remains in the same zodiac sign throughout an entire lunar month cycle.

The 12 Lunar months are as follows and tend to occur during the months mentioned:

Chaithra - Mar-Apr

Vaishaka - Apr-May

Jyeshta - May-Jun

Ashada - Jun-Jul

Shravana - Jul-Aug

Bhadrapada - Aug-Sep

Ashwija - Sep-Oct

Karthik - Oct-Nov

Margashira - Nov-Dec

Pushya - Dec-Jan

Magha - Jan-Feb

Phalguna - Feb-Mar

However in some parts of South India, the solar calendar reigns supreme which by and large depends on the ingress of the Sun in different rasis beginning from Aries onwards. Listed below are the solar months which tend to occur roughly around the mid of every month beginning from mid April onwards with the year starting from Chithirai and ending with Panguni.

Chithirai - Apr-May

Vaikasi - May-Jun

Aani - Jun-Jul

Aadi - Jul-Aug

Avani - Aug-Sep

Purattasi - Sep-Oct

Aipasi - Oct-Nov

Karthikai - Nov-Dec

Margazhi - Dec-Jan

Thai - Jan-Feb

Maasi - Feb-Mar

Panguni - Mar-Apr

Paksha (Brigher/Darker Half of Moon):

A Paksha is basically a split of a lunar month into two halves viz brighter half or Shukla Paksha (waxing period of moon) and darker half or Krishna Paksha (waning period of Moon). Every 12 degrees of angular distance is termed a tithi and as and when the Moon moves away from the Sun to a point of 180 degrees (15 tithis - 180/12) it constitutes the brighter half and from there on in the Moon returns back towards the sun from 181st to 360 degrees which is said to be the darker half. There are 30 tithis in a lunar month with the first 15 waxing and the next 15 waning. The list of Tithi classification into Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha are listed below:

Pratipada - 1st (Shukla Paksha), 16th (Krishna Paksha)

Dwitiya - 2nd (Shukla Paksha), 17th (Krishna Paksha)

Tritiya - 3rd (Shukla Paksha), 18th (Krishna Paksha)

Chaturthi - 4th (Shukla Paksha), 19th (Krishna Paksha)

Panchami - 5th (Shukla Paksha), 20th (Krishna Paksha)

Sashti - 6th (Shukla Paksha), 21st (Krishna Paksha)

Sapthami - 7th (Shukla Paksha), 22th (Krishna Paksha)

Ashtami - 8th (Shukla Paksha), 23th (Krishna Paksha)

Navami - 9th (Shukla Paksha), 24th (Krishna Paksha)

Dasami - 10th (Shukla Paksha), 25th (Krishna Paksha)

Ekadashi - 11th (Shukla Paksha), 26th (Krishna Paksha)

Dwadashi - 12th (Shukla Paksha), 27th (Krishna Paksha)

Triyodashi - 13th (Shukla Paksha), 28th (Krishna Paksha)

Chaturdashi - 14th (Shukla Paksha), 29th (Krishna Paksha)

Pournami/Amma Vasya - 15th (Shukla Paksha), 30th (Krishna Paksha)

Vara (Days of the week):

These are basically the 7 days in a week from Sunday to Saturday. A day consists of both sun rise and sunset and said to last for a period of 24 hours beginning from sunrise of one day till the beginning of the sun rise of the next day. Each of the days are lorded by a ruling planet as seen below:

Ravi Vaar (Sunday) - Sun

Som Vaar (Monday) - Moon

Mangal Vaar (Tuesday) - Mars

Buddha Vaar (Wednesday) - Mercury

Guru Vaar (Thursday) - Jupiter

Shukra Vaar (Friday) - Venus

Shani Vaar (Saturday) - Saturn

Samay (Time of the day):

A day is again broken into 2 parts comprising of sunrise ruling the day portion and sunset ruling the night portion. Both these segments work out to roughly about 12 hours in a day.

Din Samay (Sunrise) - Day time portion

Ratri Samay (Sunset) - Night time portion

Gowri Panchanga (8 portions each of day time sun rise and night time sun set)

Gowri Panchang is a portion of approximately one and half hours time period used to check auspicious time to start a new activity and to avoid inauspicious time. From a religious perspective it is mainly used to decipher the right time for the purpose of a Muhurat.

The sunrise time as well as sunset times are further split into 8 equal parts each and assigned to 8 planets - Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn and Rahu. The order of the sunrise period always begins from the order of the weekday and the sunset period begins from the 5th day of the weekday and follows the sequential order. The presence of Rahu alone yields breaks to this order which needs to be factored accordingly.

The different Gowri Panchangas in a day comprise of  the following North Indian or South Indian names and is said to be ruled by a particular planet

Udyoga/Uthi -  Sun

Amrit/Amrita - Moon

Roga/Rogam - Mars

Laabha/Laabam - Mercury

Shubha/Dhanam - Jupiter

Chala/Sugam - Venus

Kaala/Soram - Saturn

Vish/Visham - Rahu

Hora (24 hours in a day based on decreasing distance of planets):

Hora happens to be a unit of time comprising usually one hour time frame which is suitable for performing specific actions. Hora is computed based on the distance of planets or in essence the order of decreasing speed of planets with respect to the earth. The first Hora in a day however is always the ruling planet of the day, for instance Sunday's first Hora will always be Sun whereas Monday's first Hora will always be Moon and so on and so forth. The Hora order from slowest planet (also farthest) to the fastest planet (also closest) is as below;

Shani (Saturn)

Guru (Jupiter)

Kuja (Mars)

Suriya (Sun)

Shukra (Venus)

Buddha (Mercury)

Chandra (Moon)

Thus, we see that time can be pretty synchronous going about in a uniform manner and can also be extremely extensive. Providing below an easy tabular format to look at what extreme awe inspiring depths time really goes into:

Time                                                     Division

1 Time Cycle (60 years)	60 Samvatsara (year)
1 Samvatsara (year)	2 Ayana (half a year)
1 Ayana (half a year)	3 Rutus (Season)
1 Rutu (season)	2 Masa (Months)
1 Masa (Month)	2 Paksha (Shukla and Krishna)
1 Paksha (Shukla and Krishna)	15 Ahoratram (24 Hours)
1 Ahoratram (24 Hours)	30 Muhurtha (48 Minutes)
1 Muhurtha (48 Minutes)	2 Ghati (24 Minutes)
1 Ghati (24 Minutes)	30 Kalas (48 seconds)
1 Kalas (48 seconds)	2 Vighati (24 seconds)
1 Vighati (24 seconds)	6 Pranas (4 seconds)
1 Pranas (4 seconds)	6 Nimeshas (88.889 milisecond)
1 Nimeshas (88.889 milisecond)	30 Tatpara (2.96296 milisecond)
1 Tatpara (2.96296 milisecond)	100 Truti (29.6296 microsecond)
1 Truti (29.6296 microsecond)	1.8 Paramanu (60750th part of a second)
1 Paramanu	60750th part of a second